evidence for normal letter-sound integration, but altered language pathways in a case of recovered landau–kleffner syndrome医学外刊：正常的声音融合的证据，但是改变语言的途径在回收的朗道–kleffner综合征医学外刊案例精品.pdf

Brain and Cognition 99 (2015) 32–45 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Brain and Cognition journal homepage: www.else /locate/bc Evidence for normal letter-sound integration, but altered language pathways in a case of recovered Landau–Kleffner Syndrome Pim Pullens a,b,⇑, Will Pullens c, Vera Blau a, Bettina Sorger a, Bernadette M. Jansma a, Rainer Goebel a,b a Maastricht University, Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Oxfordlaan 55, 6229 EV Maastricht, Netherlands b Brain Innovation BV, Research Development, Oxfordlaan 55, 6229 EV Maastricht, Netherlands c Royal Dutch Kentalis, School Mariëlla, Theerestraat 42, 5271 GD Sint Michielsgestel, Netherlands a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Landau–Kleffner Syndrome (LKS) is a rare form of acquired aphasia in children, characterized by epileptic Received 26 September 2014 discharges, which occur mostly during sleep. After normal speech and language development, aphasia Revised 2 March 2015 develops between the ages of 3–7 years in a period ranging from days to months. The epileptic discharges Accepted 14 July 2015 usually disappear after reaching adulthood, but language outcomes are usually poor if no treatment Available online 29 July 2015 focused on restoration of (non-) verbal communication is given. Patients often appear deaf–mute, but sign language, as