输液治疗护理实践标准解读..pptVIP

* Will provide a brief overview of the requested SOP highlighting some of the standard statements practice criteria We have short period of time to go thru this material so will move thru it as quickly as possible. Plan on opening discussion for questions at the end of both presentations.提供一些简单的概述和强调一些实践标准和实践的要求，辅料的更换 * * Previous standard was called Injection caps较早的标准叫输液帽 Much more detail standard for 2011 as we have more information to direct our practice with Needleless Connectors(common term now)2011年的标准有更多的的信息指导临床应用无针接头 For ex-in 2006 document there were only 3 references noted – 2011 there are 46 references utilized! Huge change2006年仅有3条标准，2011年有46条标准，这是巨大的变化 Focus: Disinfecting prior to each access焦点每次连接之前要消毒 We know hub is known source for CRBSI连接座是被公认的导管相关性血流感染的原因（II） What to clean with用什么消毒 When to change什么时候更换 * * 下肢有溃疡和血栓性静脉炎的风险，先心病患儿术后可能会降低锁骨下动脉血流。因为颈外静脉、外周动脉导管通路通常由医生操作不做介绍。 * * Another big Standard:另一个最大的标准 Focus-addon devices-don’t use if possible尽可能的不用多余的附加装置 -chg cont. IV every 96 hrs每96小时更换 Primary – hit on it首要的—最基本的 * * 遇到阻力或者抽吸无回血，护士应进一步确认导管的通畅性，不应强行冲洗导管。 * Flushing: need PP Single use systems vs multi-dose vials Heparin dose = 10units recc. 100units IP * * Flushing:冲封管液体选择 Hemodialysis=1000units Other flushing options其他封管液的选择 Antibiotic lock solutions无菌封管液 * * Site Care/Dsg Chgs – this was one of the merged standards for the 2011 document这是2011年文件合并的标准之一 Discuss types of cleansing solutions/dressings and sterile attire讨论消毒液、敷料、无菌敷料的的类型 * * Site Care/Dsg Chgs – this was one of the merged standards for the 2011 document这是2011年文件合并的标准之一 Discuss types of cleansing solutions/dressings and sterile attire讨论消毒液、敷料、无菌敷料的的类型 * * Site Care/Dsg Chgs – this was one of the merged standards for the 2011 document这是2011年文件合并的标准之一 Discuss types of cleansing solutions/dressings and sterile attire讨论消毒液、敷料、无菌敷料的的类型 * * 新的指南更加关注输液并发症的评估和处理，更注重患者安全。输液并发症包括： * 这个量表具有一致的效度、内部良好的信度，并且在临床上切实可行 * * 渗出和外渗的可能原因包括机械的,药理性,阻塞性的,炎症性的因素. * * * * 2011年进行了整合 * * Phlebotomy: Go