高级英语 The Trial That Rocked the World背景.pptxVIP

; The author; John Scopes (1900~1970) came to Tennessee fresh out of college. In the spring of 1925, he had just completed his first year as science teacher and part-time football coach at the high school in the little town of Dayton. In that year of 1925, he violated a state law by teaching the theory of evolution in a Tennessee high school. 约翰 斯各普斯(1900-1970)1925年24岁的斯各普斯从肯尼亚大学毕业，任田纳西州代顿镇中学的生物老师和橄榄球队教练。1925年他由于教授达尔文的进化论而受到指控。 ;代顿街上和斯各普斯所在的学校; He was in court in a case known as the Scopes Trial. His trial was a highly publicized confrontation between defense attorney Clarence Darrow and director of the prosecution ,William Jennings Byran. Scopes was found guilty and fined a nominal sum, but his conviction was later reversed on technical grounds. The name of John Scopes became synonymous with his trial, which is popularly known as the Monkey Trial. A film, called Inherit the Wind, was made from the trial ,with much of the dialogue coming directly form transcripts of the court proceedings. And after the famous trial ,he was offered his teaching job back but he declined . Some of the professors who had come to testify on his behalf arranged a scholarship for him at the University of Chicago so that he could pursue the study of science . Later he became a geologist for an oil company .; 作为当年那次审判的当事人，他写的本文以纪念当年的审判经过。由于神创论的支持者把进化论歪曲简化成“人是猴子变来的”，这次审判又被人们称为“猴子审判”。这次震惊世界的猴子审判至今在美国家喻户晓，是名副其实的“世纪审判”。在20世纪0年代，它被编成了百老汇戏剧《承受清风》（Inherit the Wind ,语出《圣经》：“扰害己家的，必承受清风。愚昧人必作慧心人的仆人。”），马上被视为经典之作。1960年被编成电影，获得四项奥斯卡提名。 审判结束后，斯各普斯放弃了教学并离开了代顿。他接受了芝加哥大学的一项奖学金，获得了地质学硕士学位，并在委内瑞拉作一个石油工程师。;Charles Robert Darwin;Charles Robert Darwin;家族 家族婚姻;;Evolution Theory;进化论;达尔文理论;Bryan;20世纪美国桂冠律师Clarence Darrow;克莱伦斯·丹诺; In 1894,he began what would be his primary career for the next 20 ； He acted professionally in many cases against monopolies； he pleaded for the Negro defendants in the Scottsb