英译汉常用的方法和基本技巧.pptVIP

LOGO 英译汉常用的方法和技巧 词义的选择,引申和褒贬 词义的选择 根据词在句中的词类来选择和确定词义 “Water” : 1）Don’t water the wine. 别往酒里掺水。 2) The smoke made my eyes water. 烟熏得我双眼泪水直流。 3) The child watered when he saw the mooncake. 那小孩看见月饼就直流口水。 4）It’s not a good habit for a child to water anywhere. 小孩随地撒小便可不是一个好习惯。 所以，我们在英汉翻译过程中，首先要判明这个词在原句中应属于哪一种词类，然后再进一步确定其词义。 （2）根据上下文联系以及词在句中的搭配关系来选择和确定词义 “hand”: She shook his hand and went upstairs. 她和他握了下手，就上楼了。 2) Mary writes a good hand. 玛丽的字写得不错。 3) That company was short of hands. 那家公司缺少人手。 4) We have the situation well in hand. 我们能把握好局势。 5)They give the film star a big hand. 他们鼓掌欢迎这位电影明显。 二 词义的引申 （一）将词义作抽象化的引申 They have their smiles and tears. 他们有欢乐，也有哀愁。 2) I was not one to let my heart rule my head. 我不是那种让情感支配理智的人。 3) His success in this field has pushed his forerunners’ point into the background. 他在这方面的成就使其前辈们黯然失色。 （起陪衬作用） （二）将词义作具体化的引申 1) At the age of 16, he had learned what it is to be an orphan. 16岁的时候，他就已经品尝到了孤儿的滋味。 2) The boss always boasts that he has money to burn. 那个老板总是吹嘘自己钱多得花不完。 3) Under those conditions, all international morality or international laws become impossible. 在这种情况下，一切国际道义和国际公法都 失去了作用。 4) … that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth. 这个民有，民治，民享的政府，将不会从地球上消失。 三 词义的褒贬 （一）词本身就有褒贬意义 （二）中立词的翻译 He answered all the questions with assurance. 他满怀信心地回答了所有的问题。 2) He has the assurance to ask me for money. 他竟然厚着脸皮向我要钱。 3) Jim was an aggressive engineer who did his job quite well. 吉姆是个有进取心的工程师，他工作干得很出色。 4) He was so aggressive that he offended almost everyone. 他过于咄咄逼人，几乎冒犯了所有人。 词类转译法（一） 一 转译成动词 （一）名词转译成动词 She has a firm conviction that she will overcome all the difficulties. 她坚信她会克服所有的困难。 My suggestion is that he should quit smoking at once. 我建议他立刻戒烟。 （二）前置词/介词转译成动词 （三）形容词转译成动词 （四）副词转译成动词 1) Spring is in at last. 春天终于来到了。 2) The Democratic Party was then in. 当时是民主党执政。 3) The milk boiled over. 牛奶煮溢了。 二 转译成名词 1) Round-the-clock service features this store. 24小时服务是这家商店的特色。