Basic SPC (Attribute) - update(控制图).ppt

Example 2: np Chart S/N Sampled Rejects 1 50 12 2 50 15 3 50 8 4 50 10 5 50 4 6 50 7 7 50 16 8 50 9 9 50 14 10 50 10 11 50 5 12 50 6 13 50 17 14 50 12 15 50 22 16 50 8 17 50 10 18 50 5 19 50 13 20 50 11 Frozen orange juice concentrate is packed in 6-oz cardboard cans. A metal bottom panel is attached to the cardboard body. The cans are inspected for possible leak. 20 samplings of 50 cans/sampling were obtained. Verify if the process is in control. The data are found in SPC Charts.MTW. Example 2: np Chart MiniTab’s Stat ? Control Charts ? NP Example 2: np Chart p Chart vs np Chart For ease of recording, the np chart is preferred. The p chart offers the following advantages: accommodation for variable sample size provides information about process capability s X = s X n Distribution of Sampling Averages X X Sample Size for p and np Charts Sample Size is determined based on the 2 criteria: Assumption to approximate Binomial Distribution to a Normal Distribution To ensure that the LCL is greater than zero. For p ? 0.5 For p = other values c Chart Defects per Unit (DPU) Error Rate / Defect Rate Defects per Opportunity 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 S a m p l e N u m b e r S a m p l e C o u n t c C h a r t C = 9 . 6 5 0 3 . 0 S L = 1 8 . 9 7 - 3 . 0 S L = 0 . 3 3 0 7 c Chart Each specific point at which a specification is not satisfied results in a defect or nonconformity. The c chart is a control chart for the total number of defects in an inspection unit based on the normal distribution as an approximation for the Poisson distribution, which can happen when: c or ? ? 15 c Chart Inspection Unit The area of opportunity for the occurrence of nonconformities. e.g. a HSA, a media, a PCBA This is an entity chosen for convenience of re