信息管理与信息系统专业英语论文写作.ppt

信息管理与信息系统专业英语论文写作 Writing up academic paper and research report What is research? Definitions Research is the systematic process of collecting and analyzing information(data) in order to increase our understanding of the phenomenon with which we are concerned or interested. Source: Leeds, Paul D, Practice Research Research A question or problem, a clear articulation of a goal, a specific plan, more subproblems, certain critical assumptions, the collection and interpretation of data, a cyclical or helical process. What is research? Research This process—deciding what to do, collecting information discarding irrelevant information, analyzing the relevant information and arriving at conclusion/decision in a systematic procedure—is useful for cumulative knowledge as well as the personal development of the researcher and manager alike. Scientific research Is a systematic,controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of nature phenomenon. It is guided by theory and hypotheses about presumed relations among such phenomenon. It is also public and amoral. What is not research? Research is not more information gathering Transportation of facts (miss the core interpretation of data) rummaging for information (信息堆积） a catchword used to get attention Research is different from common sense because it is done to achieve special goal, relies on specific methods and is done systematically. WHY need research? Research in business studies is not much different from practical problem solving. Professional training the ability to systematically handle and analyze a problem, arriving at valid conclusions. Scientific Approach Problem-Obstacle-Ideaformulate the research problem or question to be solved Hypothesesformulate a conjectural statement about the relationship between phenomena or variables, Reasoning-Deductionscientist deduces the consequences of the hypotheses. This can lead to a more significant problem and provide ideas on how the hypotheses can be test in observable t