思科ccnp IP组播技术内部培训教材 （cisco IP Multicast）.ppt

Implementing Multicast Multicast Configuration and Verification PIM-SM Configuration Commands Inspecting Multicast Routing Table show ip mroute Finding PIM Neighbors show ip pim interface show ip pim neighbor Checking RP Information show ip pim rp show ip rpf Checking the Group State show ip igmp interface show ip igmp groups Verifying IGMP Snooping Verifying IGMP Snooping—Example Verifying IGMP Snooping—Example (Cont.) Verifying IGMP Snooping—Example (Cont.) Implementing Multicast IGMP and Layer 2 Issues IGMPv2 RFC 2236 Group-specific query Router sends group-specific query to make sure that there are no members present before ceasing to forward data for the group for that subnet. Leave group message Host sends leave message if it leaves the group and is the last member (reduces leave latency in comparison to v1). IGMPv2—Joining a Group IGMPv2—Leaving a Group IGMPv2—Leaving a Group (Cont.) IGMPv2—Leaving a Group (Cont.) IGMPv3—Joining a Group IGMPv3—Maintaining State Determining IGMP Version Running Determining which IGMP version is running on an interface Layer 2 Multicast Frame Switching Problem: Layer 2 flooding of multicast frames Typical Layer 2 switches treat multicast traffic as unknown or broadcast and must flood the frame to every port (in VLAN). Static entries may sometimes be set to specify which ports must receive which groups of multicast traffic. Dynamic configuration of these entries may reduce administration. Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solutions Cisco Group Management Protocol (CGMP): Simple, proprietary; routers and switches IGMP snooping: Complex, standardized, proprietary implementations; switches only Layer 2 Multicast Frame Switching CGMP Solution 1: CGMP Runs on switches and routers. CGMP packets sent by routers to switches at the CGMP multicast MAC address 0100.0cdd.dddd CGMP packet contains: Type field: join or leave MAC address of the IGMP client Multicast MAC address of the group Switch uses CGMP packet information to add or