基于51单片机的超声波测距电子电路设计推荐.docVIP

广东机电职业技术学院 企业项目（设计报告） 题目：基于51单片机的超声波测距仪的设计 院( 系 ) ： 专业名称 ： 班级学号 ： 学生姓名 ： 指导教师 ： 二O 年 月 摘要：科技的快速发展，超声波技术应用越来越广，很多产品在工业中广泛应用。伴随着单片机技术的进步，国际上出现了不少单片机控制的利用超声波测距的产品，经过不断的实践和改进，超声波类产品应用性及稳定性得到提高。随着我国科学技术的不断发展，国产的超声波测距的产品得到了很好的发展。 为了让超声波测距类产品智能，人性化，因此作者在文中尝试利用STC AT89C52单片机研究制作语音控制超声波测距系统，外部接有，超声波发射电路，超声波接收电路，键盘和显示部分，实现超声波测距功能。在这个系统中，当启动超声波发射电路，开始计时，一旦回波电路接收到信号，计时结束，由程序上控制算法，测出距离，送数码管显示，并满足一定精度要求，这类产品对特殊场合及人群有很大的帮助。结合了该芯片功能，作者设计的超声波测距系统具有非接触、速度快、适应性好，操作方便、有着广泛的应用前景。 展望未来，超声波测距作为一种新型的非常重要有用的技术在各方面都将有很大的发展空间，它将朝着更加高定位、智能化的方向发展，以满足日益发展的社会需求。 引言···························································3 I.1 课题设计的目的及其意义·································3 I.2 超声波测距仪的设计思路·································4 I.3 课题设计的任务和要求···································4 1 课题的方案设计与论证···········································5 1.1 系统整体方案的设计·····································5 1.2 系统整体方案的论证·····································5 2 系统的硬件结构设计·············································6 2.1 单片机的功能特点及测距原理·····························7 2.2 键盘及显示电路·············································8 2.3 超声波发射电路·········································8 2.4 超声波检测接收电路·····································9 2.5 温度测量电路··········································10 2.6 超声波测距系统的硬件电路设计···························11 3 系统软件的设计·················································11 3.1 超声波测距仪的算法设计·································12 3.2 主程序流程图···········································12 3.3 超声波发生子程序与超声波接受中断程序···················13 3.4 系统的软硬件的调试·····································13 总 结····························································16 致 谢····························································17 参考文献··························································18 附 录 一 超声波测距电路原理图······················