【英语语法】-(情态动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、强调句、分词作状语)教学讲义.pptVIP

英语语法讲解; ;动态中把握英语语法;英语句子五个层次的变化; ; ; ; ;情态动词的完成时(表示对过去的说法);can’t (couldn’t) +have +过去分词 （用于否定或疑问句）不可能…….. He cannot have been to that town for I saw him just now. ; should/ought to +have+过去分词 本应该做(却没有做)……. As his best friend, you should/ought to have helped him. (but in fact, you didn’t.);shouldn’t /ought not to +have +过去分词 本不应该做(却做了)……. You shouldn’t have parked your car here, for it’s a public place. ;needn’t +have +过去分词 本不必做…… You needn’t have waited for me. I told you yesterday I would overwork.;虚拟语气的用法;虚拟语气用于条件状语从句;与现在事实相反 If + did (be→were)，…would (should, could, might) + do If he had time, he would attend the meeting. If I were you, I should study English.;与将来事实相反 If + did (be—were) / were to / should+ do,…would (should, could, might) + do If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.;虚拟语气用于宾语从句 在表示建议、要求、命令类的动词后面的宾语从句中用(should) + do。 如: advise, suggest, propose, request, require, insist, demand, order, command, desire We suggested that we (should) have a meeting. We insisted that the meeting (should) be cancelled. ;注意：suggest 作“暗示，表明”解时，insist 作“坚决认为”解时不用虚拟语气，而用一般的时态。 Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. Her sun-tanned face suggested that she was in excellent health.;虚拟语气用于主语从句 It is necessary (important, natural, strange, essential, etc.) that sb (should) +动词原形 This is a very difficult operation. It is essential that you be prepared for emergency.;;虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句 作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request，wish等名词的表语从句、同位语从句。其谓语动词用 (should ) +动词原形 We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.;it is (high) time sb + did It is (high) time we left.;虚拟语气用于if only引导的感叹句中(要是…就好了) If only I had taken his advice.;定语从句 ;who（代替人）: I know the man who/that is standing under the tree over there. whom: The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room. Who stands near the river is our school. ;whose（可代替人和物） Do you know the ma