高钾的摄入对心血管危险因素的影响的系统性文献回顾和荟萃分析.ppt

Effect of increased potassium intake on cardiovascular risk factors and disease: systematic review and meta-analyses Introduction Non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of death globally, killing more people each year than all other causes combined. Elevated blood pressure and hypertension are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure, as well as renal failure. Although non-communicable diseases disproportionately affect adults, they and their risk factors are becoming more prevalent in paediatric populations. Introduction Potassium is an essential nutrient that is needed for maintenance of total body fluid volume, acid and electrolyte balance, and normal cell function post-agricultural diets 200 mmol/day In modern society below 70-80 mmol/day Lower potassium consumption has been associated with elevated blood pressure, hypertension, and stroke,and higher levels of consumption could be protective against these conditions Introduction To inform the development of its guideline on potassium intake, the WHO initiated this review to systematically compile results from studies in apparently healthy adults and children without acute illnesses or renal impairment that could compromise handling of potassium and to conduct meta-analyses to answer the following questions Introduction (1) What is the effect of increased potassium intake compared with lower intake on blood pressure ,all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and coronary heart disease in apparently healthy adults ? (2) What is the effect of increased potassium intake on blood pressure in apparently healthy children? (3) What is the effect of increased potassium intake on the potential adverse effects of changes in blood lipid concentrations, catecholamine concentrations, and renal function in apparently healthy adults and children ? Introduction (4) What is the level of potassium intake that results in the maxi