毕业设计-基于单片机的太阳能充电系统的设计.doc

基于单片机的太阳能充电系统的设计 [摘　要] 化石能源的日益枯竭、人们对环境保护问题的重视程度也在不断提高，寻找洁净的替代能源问题变得越来越迫切。太阳能作为一种再生能源它具有取之不尽、用之不竭和清洁安全等特点，有着广阔的应用前景。因此，本论文设计太阳能充电系统，整个系统由电源变换电路、采样电路、处理器、脉宽调制控制器和电池组组成。该设计通过太阳能电池板将太阳能转化为电能，经过DC/DC变换电路处理后，为蓄电池充电。系统通过脉宽调制对电池充电过程进行智能控制，从而提高太阳能电池输出功率及电池的使用效率，达到延长电池使用寿命的目的。 [关键词] 太阳能；充电；CUK变换器；单片机 Design of Solar-Electric Charging System Based on MCU Abstract: With the depletion of fossil energy, people pay more and more attention to environmental protection. Looking for clean alternative energy becomes more urgent. Solar energy as a renewable energy it has an inexhaustible and clean and safe and so on，so have a broad application prospects. Therefore, this thesis, a solar charging system, the entire system consist of the power conversion circuit, sampling circuit, processor, pulse width modulation controller and battery pack composition. This design solar by way of panels convert solar energy into electricity, through DC / DC converter circuit processing, charging the battery. The process of charging the battery is controlled by pulse width modulation, thereby output power of the solar cell and battery’ life are improved, extend the battery service life. Key words:朗读 显示对应的拉丁字符的拼音 字典 Solar energy; charge; CUK converter; SCM 目 录 1 引言．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1 1.1课题研究的背景和意义．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1 1.2 太阳能光伏电池的工作原理．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2 1.3 开关电源介绍．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.．2 1.3.1 开关电源和线性电源的区别．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.．．．．．2 1.3.2 开关电源的工作原理．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．..．．．．．．．3 1.4 本论文所做的主要工作．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.．．．．．．．．4 2 系统设计方案．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.．．．．．．．．．5 2.1 整体设计方案．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．...．．．．．．．5 2.2 各模块方案设计．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.．．．．．．．．．．．．5 2.2.1 直流DC-DC电源转换电路选择．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．5 2.2.2 生成PWM波方式选择．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．