长距离输油管道现场抢修技术 毕业设计资料_方明_1-方明论文精选.docVIP

摘要 石油，工业血液，世界第一战略物资。自从人类选择了石油，它就成了人类政治、经济、军事、战略斗争的核心之一。管道运输作为世界各国石油的主要运输方式，其安全状况将是各级政府部门、管道公司、社会各阶层关注的主要问题。随着我国长距离输油管道的大规模建设和城市管网的普及，实现管线安全高效运行显得尤为重要。目前，我国石油输送管道安全形势非常严峻。由于受地方保护主义，石油公司本身管理的不完善，以及因国际局势的动荡导致石油类产品价格不断攀升等诸多因素的影响，不法分子越来越猖狂地在石油管道上进行打孔盗油。由此引发的泄漏事故将给管道公司、沿线居民带来巨大的生命、财产损失，因此，建立一套完善的输油管道抢修技术才能极大的保障管道正常运行。 Abstract Oil, the blood industry, the world’s first strategic materials. Since the human beings chose oil, it has become one of the strategy cores of politics, economy, and military of human beings. As the world’s main mode of transport, the security situation of pipeline transportation of oil will be the major concern of government departments at all levels, pipeline companies, and the whole society. As China’s long-distance city’s oil pipeline network are on busy construction and the widespread of pipelines in cities, safe and efficient operation of the pipeline is particularly important. At present, China’s oil pipeline is in severe situation. Because of local protectionism, the management of the oil companies themselves is imperfect, as well as the international situation led to the instability of oil prices rising and because of many other factors, more and more criminals steal oil by gigging holes on the pipelines. This will lead to accidents which were caused by the leaking of the pipelines. This will also bring great loss to companies and the residents along the pipelines. Therefore, only to establish a perfect pipeline repair technologies can guarantee the normal operation of the pipelines. 目录 中文摘要 Ⅰ Abstract……………………………………………………………...Ⅱ 1.引言 1 2.研究背景 1 4.1输送介质与环境腐蚀 2 4.2设计与施工缺陷 3 4.3第三方破坏 4 4.4自然灾害 5 4.5管材缺陷 5 4.6其它原因 6 5.管道泄漏事故的危害 6 5.1 油品危害性质 6 5.2 油品扩散区域 7 5.3 成品油管道泄漏后的危害形式 8 5.3 危害后果评价 9 6.如何预防管道泄漏事故发生 9 7.当今主要的管道抢修技术及运用特点 10 8.管道抢修方案的确定 15 8.1抢修准备 15 8.2处理管道泄漏事故的注意事项 15 9.其他方法 17 结论及建议 18 参考文献 20 长距离输油管道现场抢修技术 方明 (浙江海洋学院 石化学院，浙江 舟山 316000) 【摘要】 石油，工业血液，世界第一战略物资。自从人类选择了石油，它就成了人类政治、经济、军事、战略斗争的核心之一。管道运输作为世界各国石油的主要运输方式，其安全状况将是各级政府部门、管道公司、社会各阶层关注的主