耳科学医学课件.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * Investigations Audiometry: Pure tone audiometry reveals sensorineural hearing loss. Early stage Middle stage Late stage Investigations Vestibular function test: Spontaneous nystagmus is absent except during an attack. Caloric tests show hypoactivity on the affected side. A normal caloric test does not rule out Meniere’s disease as the vestibular system is capable of recovery in the early stages of the disease. Investigations CT scan: CT scan of the temporal bone helps to rule out internal acoustic meatus pathology. Investigations Glycerol test: The glycerol test regarded as valuable diagnostic tool. Glycerine makes blood hypertonic and reduced the hydrops. Investigations Electrocochleography: This test is done to determine the SP/AP ratio which is normally 20 percent. More than 30 percent is suggestive of Ménière’s disease Treatment Treatment of the acute attack: The patient is put to bed rest. Any of the vestibular suppressants is given to control the vestibular symptoms. Long-term Medicine Treatment: Dietetic therapy Vitamin therapy Diuretic therapy Vasodilators Streptomycin Treatment Surgical treatment: Cervical sympathectomy Myingotomy with grommet insertion Operations on the endolymphatic sac Vestibular neurectomy Labyrinth destruction Selective destruction of vestibular labyrinth by crysurgery or ultrasound Cryosurgical methods Ultrasound  Hearing Loss * Definition Deafness is refers to the auditory system of sound, acoustic dysfunction caused by hearing impairment or hearing loss. Hearing ability increases with the increase of age gradually decline phenomenon called presbycusis. HL: The hearing level to hearing zero order as standard The degree of hearing loss Classification of Hearing Loss 25dB HL Normal 26－40dB HL Mild 41－55dB HL Moderate 56－70dB HL Moderate severe 71－90dB HL Servere 90dB HL Profound * Classification and the causes of hearing loss According to the pathogenesis o