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算法设计与分析算法设计与分析 主讲：肖臻 北京大学计算机系北京大学计算机系 算法（Algorithm ） Algorithm ≠ Programming 3 Algorithms in Computer Science Hardware Compilers, Programming languages A l g o r i Networking, Distributed systems, Fault tolerance, Security t h m s Machine learning, Statistics, Information retrieval, AI Bioinformatics 4 What is algorithm ？ • （Oxford Dict. ）Algorithm: –A set of rules that must be followed when solving a particular problem. • From Math world –A specific set of instructions for carrying out a procedure or solving a problem, usually with the requirement that the procedure terminate at some point. • An algorithm is – any well-defined computational procedure that takes some value, or set of values, as input and produces some value, or set of values, as output. 5 Algorithm • Problem definition