呼吸系统疾病6.1-肺炎.pptVIP

呼吸系统疾病（一） Respiratory System Disease Department of Pathology Southern Medical University Types of respiratory system disease Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 慢性支气管炎 Chronic bronchitis 肺气肿 Pulmonary emphysema 支气管扩张症 Bronchiectasis Pneumonia 大叶性肺炎 Lobar pneumonia 小叶性肺炎 Lobular pneumonia 病毒性肺炎 Viral pneumonia Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS) Chronic cor pulmonale Pneumoconiosis Tumors of respiratory system Pneumonia -- Acute exudative inflammation Types of pneumonia Etiology Place and slope Character Lobar pneumonia Introduction EtiologyPathogenesis Pathological changes Clinical relations Introduction Etiology Pathogenesis Pathological changes ★ Mostly lateral lung，inferior lobe of left or right lung Also more than two pulmonary lobes Four stages，5-10 days 一、充血水肿期（1－2天） ★ 肉眼：肿大 重量增加 暗红 镜下：肺泡壁毛细血管扩张、充血 肺泡腔大量浆液,少红、中性粒、巨 噬细胞,大量细菌 二、红色肝样变期（3－4天） ★ 三、灰色肝样变期(5-6天) ★ 四、溶解消散期（一周左右） ★ Outcome and complication Lobular pneumonia Introduction EtiologyPathogenesis Pathological changes Clinical relations Introduction Etiology : many kinds of bacteria mixed infection Pathogenesis: Defense of airway↓ Induced factors→body resistance↓→bacteria proliferation Bronchitis Lobular pneumonia Pathological changes ★ 肉眼：大小不等、0.5-1cm、不规则、灰黄； 散布两肺各叶，以下叶和背侧多见； 可融合（融合性支气管肺炎） 镜下: ● 细支气管粘膜充血、水肿，上皮坏死、脱落，腔内大量脓性渗出 ● 周围肺泡壁血管扩张充血，肺泡腔脓性渗 出，代偿肺气肿、肺不张 Clinical relations Clinical characters: Coughing, fever, sputum, chest pain Not obvious of lung consolidation Moist rales X ray Outcome and complication Respiratory failure Heart failure Lung abscess, empyema Bronchiectasis septicopyemia Viral pneumonia Common virus: flu virus, adenovirus, syncytial vir