基本图形硬件（英文）Basic Graphics Hardware.ppt

Gaming Overview Outline Image Basics Graphics Hardware Input Describing something to the computer Computation Computing what we want to draw Output Final representation Two Dimensional Images Images (at least the ones in this class) are two dimensional shapes. The two axes we will label as X (horizontal), and Y (vertical). Hardware Pipeline Partition the space Record every position Position relative Representing Objects Most common method is the VERTEX method. Define the object as a set of points with connectivity information. Why is connectivity important? How do we do this? Input Devices Locator Devices Keyboard Scanner Images Laser Cameras (research) Locator Devices When queried, locator devices return a position and/or orientation. Keyboard Text input List boxes, GUI CAD/CAM Modelling Hard coded Vertex locations are inserted into code Scanners Image Scanners - Flatbed, etc. What type of data is returned? Bitmap Laser Scanners - Deltasphere Emits a laser and does time of flight. Returns 3D point Camera based - research Examine camera image(s) and try to figure out vertices from them. Computation Stage Now that we have a model of what we want to draw, what goes on inside the computer to generate the output? Computation Stage How do we store this? We would like to allocate memory to hold the results of the computation stage. Framebuffer Framebuffer - A block of memory, dedicated to graphics output, that holds the contents of what will be displayed. Framebuffer Framebuffer in Memory If we want a framebuffer of 640 pixels by 480 pixles, we should allocate: framebuffer = 640*480 bits How many bit should we allocate? Q: What do more bits get you? Framebuffer bit depth How many colors does 1 bit get you? How many colors do 8 bits get you? Monochrome systems use this (green/gray scale) What bit depth would you want for your framebuffer? Framebuffer bit depths Remember, we are asking how much memory do we allocate to store the color at each pixel? Common answers: