软件操作系统教学（ANDREW S. TANENBAUM）MOS-3e-03.pptVIP

Figure 3-27. A shared library being used by two processes. Shared Libraries Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems 3 e, (c) 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 0-13-6006639 The hardware traps to the kernel, saving the program counter on the stack. An assembly code routine is started to save the general registers and other volatile information. The operating system discovers that a page fault has occurred, and tries to discover which virtual page is needed. Once the virtual address that caused the fault is known, the system checks to see if this address is valid and the protection consistent with the access Page Fault Handling (1) Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems 3 e, (c) 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 0-13-6006639 If the page frame selected is dirty, the page is scheduled for transfer to the disk, and a context switch takes place. When page frame is clean, operating system looks up the disk address where the needed page is, schedules a disk operation to bring it in. When disk interrupt indicates page has arrived, page tables updated to reflect position, frame marked as being in normal state. Page Fault Handling (2) Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems 3 e, (c) 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 0-13-6006639 Faulting instruction backed up to state it had when it began and program counter reset to point to that instruction. Faulting process scheduled, operating system returns to the (assembly language) routine that called it. This routine reloads registers and other state information and returns to user space to continue execution, as if no fault had occurred. Page Fault Handling (3) Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems 3 e, (c) 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 0-13-6006639 Figure 3-28. An instruction causing a page fault. Instruction Backup Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems 3 e, (c) 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 0-13-6006639 Figure 3-29. (a) Paging to a static swap area. Backing Store (1) Tanenbaum, Mo