新型无卤反应型含磷、氮阻燃剂的合成及其阻燃环氧树脂的研究-材料工程专业论文.docx

摘要交联度；E’-190℃、tan{i也表明PNNO大量加入会因反应不充分而减小其交联 密度；三点弯曲测试表明，PNNO的适当引入时，形成C—o键比C—-N的柔性 更强而有利于分子链的运动，从而增强材料的韧性，而当PNNO／DDM复配比例 达一定值后，由于相容性变差而又会降低材料的机械性能；根据LOI以及UL．94 分析表明，PNNO的引入都可发挥高效阻燃的效果，燃烧等级达到V-0级，LOI 值可达37．1％。(4)针对含DOPO的席夫碱基化合物DPN对DPN／EP体系的各项性能改 变的影响进行分析。TGA表明，在氮气氛下，DPN／EP残炭率可提高到30．9％； DSC、DMTA的Tg值表明，DPN／EP固化体系的Tg值与EP0都非常的接近，因为DPN的分子结构中存在四个活性N-H键，与DDM的反应活性较为相近，因而会有较高的交联密度：而E-190℃、tan6也说明了DPN能较好地参与到环 氧的交联固化之中而具有较高的交联密度；LOI以及UL．94分析表明，DPN的 引入也可发挥高效阻燃的效果，燃烧等级达到V-0级且不发生滴落，LOI值可达 41％。(5)对比PNOH／EP、PNNO／EP、DPN／EP各组分固化物的性能可知，N-H 键比醇羟基或者酚羟基活性更强，当反应官能团活性越高，官能度越大及反应活 性越集中，交联度也会更大，且多苯基的线性结构也可增大环氧体系紧密度而保 持较高的Tg值：C—o键比c_N键的引入更有利于分子链的运动可增强材料的 韧性而增大应力，多苯环基的线性刚性结构可增大材料刚性而更好地抵抗外力形 变；含DOPO的席夫碱基阻燃剂因其高的含P、N量以及DOPO基团的分布更 密集而改善环氧的阻燃性能更佳。关键词：环氧树脂，阻燃剂，席夫碱基化合物II万方数据AbstractThe compounds for epoxy containing P and N have been widely concerned，because of their high efficiency flame retardant properties．However,the application of traditional flame retardants containing P and N，such as the derivatives of cyanuricchloride，melamine，cyclophosphazeneand DOPO-containing Schiff-base groups and SO on,often lead to the decrease of the Tg and mechanical properties of the cured products．In this work，based on the molecular design,the halogen-free flame retardant element P and N areintroduced into the same molecular,which have playedan efficient flame retardant and maintain good other performances．The mainachlevements of our work are shown as follows：(1)The first kind of flame retardant(PNOH)was synthesized via all one-pot procedure among N-Phcnyldicthanolamine，4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and DOPO，with the yield of 89％．The second kind of flame retardant(PNNO)was synthesized via an one or two pot procedure among N1-phenylbenzene-I，4-diamine， 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and DOPO，with the yield of 88％．The third kind of flame retardant(DPN)was synthesized via the same procedure among 4-Aminodiphenylamine，Terephthaldicarboxaldehyde and DOPO，with the yield of 86．2％．The molecular structure of the three products were character