镁钢激光熔钎焊接特性及界面合金调控技术研究-材料加工工程专业论文.docx

进行界面调控，反应层生长厚度可达到期望的2-4μm，但靠近界面的焊缝中 Mg-Al化合物明显增多，一定程度上增加了焊缝的脆性。最优方式是以Cr元素 辅助3%Al含量焊丝进行界面调控，成功解决激光快速加热过程Al元素的扩散 问题，实现了镁/钢可靠连接，接头均断裂于镁合金一侧熔焊接头处，最大载荷 308N/mm，达到镁母材的75.4%。基于热力学分析，采用Factsage软件，合理预测了不同含量Al元素参与下， 多元合金界面反应的可能生成相及其生成温度；阐明了合金调控状态下的镁/ 钢界面各物相在快速凝固条件下的演变过程；解释了Cr元素辅助调控促进界面 生长的本质原因为显著增加了可能生成物相的范围，提高了Fe-Al相的稳定性， 从而抑制了其它相的生成。关键词：镁/钢异种材料；激光熔钎焊；界面调控；热力学分析II -AbstractLightweightdissimilarstructurehasbeenreceivingmuchattention,sinceithas alotofadvantages,suchasincreasingtheloadcapacity,savingenergy,loweringthe costaswellasworkinginthedifferentenvironment.Automotivemanufacturersare strivingtorealizeweightreductionbyusinglightweighthybridcomponents.The weightofautobodyaccountsfor30%inthewholeweight,withsteelasitsmain materials.ThekeypointhereishowtoachievethereliablejoinngbetweenMgand ZncoatedsteelaswellasMgandsteelbyadvancedlaserweldingtechnique.ThemetallurgicalbondingofMgandFecouldberealizedprovided intermediateelementsduringtheinterfacialreactionsincetheirhugedifferencesin meltingpointsandimmscibility.Theweldingprocessisdifficulttocontrolin weldingofZncoatedsteelduetothelowboilingpointofZn,whichmakesthe conventionalweldingtechniqueimpossible.Laserwelding-brazingtechniqueisone ofthesuitablemethodsthatcouldavoidtheevaporationofZnduringthewelding process,butalsomakesitconvenienttoaddtheintermediateelementsintothefiller.Therefore,inthisdissertation,theroleofMg-ZnreactionlayerandFe-Allayer attheinterfacecouldbeclarifiedbasedontheweldingcharacteristicsandfracture behavioroflaserwelded-brazedMgtoZncoatedsteeljoint. ThecontrolofMg/steel interfacebyalloying elements is studied, especiallyduringthefastheatingand coolingrateinducedbylaserwelding-brazingprocess.Theresultscouldprovide theoryguidanceforotherimmisciblecouples.Theinfluenceofkeyfactorssuchasheatingmode,laseroffsetandwelding speedonweldappearanceandinterfacialmicrostructurewasfirst investigated. Jointswithsmoothappearanceandwithoutanydefectswereobtained,withlow strengthasmuchas51%ofMgbasemetal.ThefailuremechanismofMg/Zn