循环载荷作用下压力管道棘轮效应及安定性研究-化工过程机械专业论文.docx

预测，棘轮应变随着局部壁厚减薄缺陷深度、轴向及环向长度的改变而变化，这说明局部壁厚减薄对承受恒定内压循环对称弯曲管道的棘轮效应影响明显。利用Chaboche模型对25℃、150℃、250℃和350℃四种温度条件下内压直管和弯管在循环弯曲载荷作用下的棘轮效应进行了预测，发现棘轮应变随着温度的升高而增大，并利用C-TDF方法确定了直管和弯管在不同温度下的棘轮边界，发现无量纲棘轮边界与温度无关。另外，基于弹性补偿法和下限安定定理的极限载荷乘子m??，提出了一种改进的安定性分析方法，确定了内压直管和弯管在循环弯曲载荷作用下的棘轮边界，与循环弹塑性有限元方法确定的棘轮边界相比，改进方法简便易行。关键词：管道，棘轮效应，循环塑性，本构模型，安定性，棘轮边界ABSTRACTPressurevesselsandpipingsystemaresubjectedtointernalpressureduring nuclearpowerstationoperating,cyclicthermalloadingsandvibrationcomplexload conditions,whichcanresultinratchetingeffect,reducefatiguelifeofmaterialsand componentsandseriouslyaffectthesaftyand reliability of pressure vessels and pipingsystem.Inordertoguaranteethesafeoperationofthenuclearpower pressuriedpipingandobtainthebasicdataforestablishingdesigncodeofratcheting behaviorofpipingsystem,ratchetingeffectsofZ2CND18.12Nausteniticstainless steelusedfortheauxiliarypipinginprimarycollantcircuitpipesofpressurizedwater reactoraresystematicallystudiedthroughcyclicconstitutivemodelofmaterials, numericalsimulation and ratchetingexperimentsofstraight pipe and elbow.The study hasimportanttheoreticalsignificanceandvalueinengineeringfordesignand operation ofpressure pipe in nuclear power plant.Inthisstudy,ratchetingbehaviorofpressurizedstraightpipesandelbowsmade ofausteniticstainlesssteelZ2CND18.12Nwereexperimentallystudiedwith multiaxialfatiguetestingsystem.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthatratcheting strainoccurredmainlyinthehoopdirectionforstraightpipe,axialratchetingstrain waslessthanthatofhoopdirection,ratchetingstrainwasextendedalongtheaxial directionofstraightpipe.Forelbowpipe,theratchetingstrainsmanlyoccurinthe hoopdirection of flank, intrados and45°directionatmidwaybetween flank and intrados. Small ratcheting strain was alsocollected in axialdirection. Ratcheting strain rateincreasedwiththeincreasingofreversedbendingorinternalpressureforboth differentspecimenswithdifferentloadingsandsamespecimenwithmulti-step loadings.Inmulti-steploading,ratchetingratesufferedfromtheratchetinghist