战略管理--的环境分析ppt39-.pptVIP

战略管理Strategic Management 公共管理学院 城市管理系 2003年秋 * 第二讲 环境分析 一、环境分析的重要性 信息收集和分析是战略管理的重要因素，而 环境分析正好满足要求。 The importance of environmental analysis A key element, the type of environmental information in this phase. 1、内外分析 Internal and external forces, positive or negative impact. Examples: Rate of product innovation vs. price discounting by a competitor. 公共机构重组、合并 和私有化。Government Reengineering. 2、努力和高效 Exhaustive and Productive 战略管理重视外部环境（由内到外）、长期目 标和组织的未来。 * 环境分析的重要性 趋势或事件 促进或阻碍 青蛙实验：反应过激或反应不足 变化--目标冲突和多种力量的平衡。奶酪？ 观念：管制与控制，或开放与灵活 注意力：内部或外部 * 一、内部分析 Internal Analysis （一）要点 The Importance 自我分析Learn the capabilities or what the organization can do or cannot do by Self-analysis and introspection. (1) 优势和弱势是什么？What the organization’s strengths and weaknesses are; (2)如何利用优势和避免弱势?what must be done to eliminate the weaknesses and capitalize the strengths. （二）分析框架：战略制订科层Analytical Perspective: The strategy-making hierarchy 总体层（战略层）Corporate level, 事业层Business level and 职能层（战术层）Functional levels (1) 系统性 Systematic—in a logical and orderly fashion; (2) 综合性 Comprehensive—a coherent and comprehensive, broad in scope; (3) 可视性 a full picture of the organization’ internal dynamics. * （三）战略制订科层描述： Strategy-Making Hierarchy 1. 总体层 The corporate level 董事会和高层管理 Total entity, direction The board of directors+top management (CEO, President, other support offers such as COO, CIO, CFO, CKO and strategic planners) (1) 长期视点Long-term：Financial and non-financial objectives for the entire organization; (2) 确定范围The current business: Divisions or subsidiaries. Keep+divest or liquidate+new move; (3) 分配资源 allocate the resources among the businesses; (4) 建立关系The relationship with the public and image in the community. * （三）战略制订科层描述： Strategy-Making Hierarchy 2. 事业层 The Business level 事业部（地理、产品或服务、服务对象等）强调竞争能力 SBUs--Strategic Business Units：Divisions and subsidiaries Competit