过去分词的资料ppt课件.pptVIP

过去分词 * 一 构成：非谓语动词的一种，规则动词的过去分词由v+ed 构成，不规则动词需个别记忆。 二 特征：不能直接作谓语，但仍保留动词的特征，如可有 宾语等。过去分词表已完成的动作，且有被动意义，无人 称和数的变化。 三 主要功能：定语，状语， 表语，宾补 （1）定语： 形容词从事物的性质方面来修饰n如 a beautiful deer; 而过去分词从动作和状态方面来修饰n,如 a wounded deer. 1.单个过去分词做定语，放在所修饰名词之前； Polluted water and air are harmful to people’s health. 2.过去分词短语做定语，放在所修饰名词之后； There was once a detective named Sherlock Holmes. * 3. 过去分词短语可用逗号与所修饰名词隔开，相当于一个 非限制性定语从句。 The factory, set up by the villagers, produce tractors. (= which was set up by the villagers) His nephew, lost at sea when he was 15, had been his only relative. (= who was lost at sea when he was 15) (2) 表语： The tap is broken, can you go to the store and get another one? (3) 宾补： He found all the windows broken. (4) 做状语： 分词或分词短语做状语，其逻辑主语就是全句 的主语。分词的选择主要取决于它与主语的关系，两者间 构成主动关系，用现在分词；若构成被动关系，用过去分 词； * e.g: _______ (give) more attention, the trees could have grown better. ________ (work) in his small room in the prison, he made 4 pairs of shoes every day. Given Working A. 过去分词做状语，相当于一个状语从句： 1. 做时间或条件状语： Given more time, we could do it much better. (= When/ If we were given more time) 2. 做原因状语； Frightened by the noise, the girl didn’t dare sleep in her room. (= Because she was frightened by the noise) 3. 做方式或伴随状语：作为一种次要的补充说明，这种 短语不能改为状语从句，但可改为并列句。 The lady turned home, followed by Mr. Holmes. (= and she was followed by….) * 4. 做让步状语； wounded, the brave solider continued to fight. (= Though he was wounded) B.过去分词及其短语做状语时前可加 when/ while, if等词。 When shot in the leg, he continued to fire back. Once seen, it can never be forgotten. If bitten by a snake, you should send for help. * 解题方法 1 逻辑主谓用现分； Though ___ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B lacking of C lacking D lacked in C 2 逻辑动宾用过分； ____ by the Youth League, she has made such progress this time. To be educated B. Educating C. Educated D. Being educated C 3. 没有逻辑用独立：如句子主语不是分词的逻辑主语， 则分词前应加上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。 ____, we wi