第8章_数学形态学.pptVIP

Department of Computer Engineering, CMU Chapter 8: Morphological Image Processing Lecturer: Long Mansheng Email : lms@nwsuaf.edu.cn Office room : 216 Mathematic Morphology used to extract image components that are useful in the representation and description of region shape, such as boundaries extraction skeletons convex hull morphological filtering thinning pruning Z2 and Z3 set in mathematic morphology represent objects in an image binary image (0 = white, 1 = black) : the element of the set is the coordinates (x,y) of pixel belong to the object ? Z2 gray-scaled image : the element of the set is the coordinates (x,y) of pixel belong to the object and the gray levels ? Z3 Basic Set Theory Reflection and Translation Logic Operations Example Dilation Dilation : Bridging gaps Erosion Duality Erosion : eliminating irrelevant detail Opening Closing Duality Hit-or-Miss Transformation Boundary Extraction Example Region Filling Example Extraction of connected components Example Convex hull Thinning Thickening Skeletons Pruning 5 basic structuring elements Extension to Gray-Scale images deal with digital image function f(x,y) : the input image b(x,y) : a structuring element (a subimage function) assumption : these functions are discrete (x,y) are integers f and b are functions that assign a gray-level value (real number or real integer) to each distinct pair of coordinate (x,y) Dilation Dilation similar to 2D convolution f(s-x) : f(-x) is simply f(x) mirrored with respect to the original of the x axis. the function f(s-x) moves to the right for positive s, and to the left for negative s. max operation replaces the sums of convolution addition operation replaces with the products of convolution general effect if all the values of the structuring element are positive, the output image tends to be brighter than the input dark details either are reduced or eliminated, depending on how their values and shapes relate to the structuring element used for dilation Erosion E