计算机系统导论1.pptVIP

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Systems Computer Systems Reading Sequence: 1.1 Computer Basics 1.2 Evolution of Computer Systems 1.3 Data Representation in a Computer System Assessments: Exercise 1 Computer Systems 1.1 Computer Basics Learning Goal: To gain a general overview of computer system components, the hardware system, the software system, and the network system.  Computer Systems 1.1.1 Components of a Computer System Hardware system Software system—Operating System Software and Application Software Network System A computer is an electronic machine that performs input, processing, storing, and output according to programmed instructions to carry out specific tasks. Computer Systems The modern computer operates in a similar fashion. Input to a computer can be sent through the keyboard or mouse. The computer then processes the input, stores the result, and displays the result via the monitor, speaker, printer, or other output devices. In general, a computer system can be decomposed into the hardware system, the software system, and the network system. Each of these subsystems will be discussed in more detail in subsequent units of this course. See the figure below. Computer Systems Hardware System The hardware system consists of external and internal physical components that enable a computer to accept input, process the input, store data, and produce outputs. More details will be discussed in Chapter 2. The figures below show some external hardware components of a computer. Computer Systems Software System Operating System Software and Application Software The operating system software serves as the interface between application software and the hardware components The application software interfaces with the users of the computer system Operating system software provides instructions to hardware system components. Such as Microsoft Windows, Unix, etc. When an input is entered, the operating system program provides inst