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Background 1. Invasive species pose a signi?cant threat to global economies, agriculture and biodiversity. 2.Iimited genomic resources have made it dif?cult to elucidate the evolutionary and genetic factors responsible for invasiveness. 3.This study presents the ?rst expressed sequence tag (EST) collection for Senecio madagascariensis, a globally invasive plant species. Plant material Senecio madagascariensis Poir RNA extraction and cDNA synthests RNA extraction -- Promega SV RNA isolation kit (Promega,Wisconsin, USA) cDNA synthsets-- Macherey-Nagel Nucleo Trap mRNA kit(Macherey-Nagel, Duren, Germany) Primers:Trsa Mme1 primer and TS oligo primer PRCESS EST library construction (amplify and purify) ↓ Sequencing of EST libraries (Roche 454 FlX technology) ↓ Sequence analysis (BLASTx queries againse NR at NCBI) ↓ Microsatellite mining RESULTS 454 EST sequencing and contig assembly Functional annotation of contigs 454 EST sequencing and contig assembly Functional annotation of contigs Microsatellite markers for mapping and population studies A total of 190 SSRs from 185 different contigs were detected in the 3946 singlet contigs. This produced an overall SSR discovery rate of 4.8 %, or one microsatellite in every 20 singlet contigs. DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS 1. Senecio madagascariensis and its closely related congener S. inaequidens are highly invasive species that are becoming increasingly used as model species with which to investigate hypotheses in invasion biology . 2. The use of genome scans and gene expression approaches to determine if invasion success may have a molecular genetic basis has been constrained by a lack of genomic resources to identify candidate genes or genomic changes associated with invasiveness. 3. EST collection for S. madagascariensis that provides a ?rst step toward understanding the genetic bases of invasion success. 4. EST resources will