从鲁迅笔下的儿童形象探析其教育思想-毕业论文.docVIP

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 从鲁迅笔下的儿童形象探析其教育思想 所在学院 专业班级 小学教育 学生姓名 学号 指导教师 职称 完成日期 年 月 摘　要 【摘要】鲁迅是儿童教育事业的倡导者，他将儿童教育与民族发展紧密结合起来，并通过其笔下的儿童形象来表现他在儿童教育方面的独到见解。在小说集《呐喊》、《彷徨》中，他塑造了许多儿童形象，他们构成了丰富多彩的儿童世界。鲁迅的写作以批判国民性为基本主题，基于这一主题，小说中的儿童形象从整体上来说呈现出明显的黯淡意味。鲁迅意识到儿童生存的危机，由此提出了幼者本位、“爱”代替“恩”、解放孩子等儿童教育观。20世纪80年代，中国基础教育改革进入关键期。至今，教育事业在取得成就的同时，仍与时代的发展要求存在着巨大差距。鲁迅的儿童教育思想对当下基础教育改革依旧具有不可小觑的意义。 【关键词】鲁迅；儿童形象；儿童教育思想；教育启示。 Abstract 【ABSTRACT】Lu xun, an advocator of children’s education, combined children’s education with national development closely, and express his unique insight in educational field through the image of children he had created. Lu xun had cultivated many images of children in his works To Shout and Wander, which created a rich and colorful world of children. The basic theme of Lu xun’s work is the criticision of the national people, biasied on which the images of children in his novels are gloomy. Lu xun realised the crisis of children’s lifves, therefore he put forwarded his opinion of children’s education, such as the determination of younger, “love” replaces “boon”, the libration of children, etc. In the 1980s, the reformation of China’s primiary education had entered its key period. Until now, there is still a huge gap between the development of education and the requirement of our social development, as well as the success it has achieved. Lu xun’s thoughts of children’s education has a significant influence on the reformation of primary education presently. 【KEYWORDS】Lu xun；children；Childrens education thought；Education enlightenment 目　录 摘　要 II Abstract II 目　录 III 1 前言 5 2 鲁迅笔下的儿童形象 6 2.1 儿童形象的设置 6 2.1.1 重视社会思想环境的展现 6 2.1.2 呈现鲜明的儿童视角 7 2.2 儿童形象的分类 8 2.2.1 天真活泼型 8 2.2.2 视觉型——“我” 9 2.2.3 被压抑吞噬型 10 2.2.4 麻木看客型 11 3 黄金世界的虚无——鲁迅小说中儿童形象总体黯淡的警示意味 13 3.1 儿童形象的整体分析 13 3.2 儿童形象黯淡的警示意味 14 3.2.1 民族生存危机 14 3.2.2 文化根性的遗传 16 4 “立人”：鲁迅儿童教育思想之本 19 4.1 幼者本位儿童观 19 4.2 “爱”与 “恩”的