汽车专业英语课文翻2.docVIP

Engine Classification 引擎分类 The　　engines can be classified in the following several ways: (1) operating cycle, (2) piston action, (3) piston connection, (4) cylinder arrangement, (5) method of fuel injection, and (6) speed. 这个引擎可以分为以下几个方面:(1)操作周期,(2)活塞行动,(3)活塞连接,(4)缸安排,(5)方法的燃油喷射,(6)的速度。 Operating cycle. Diesel and gas-burning engines can be divided into two groups based on the number of piston strokes per cycle, either four or two. An engine which needs four strokes to complete one cycle is a four-stroke cycle engine or, for short, a four-cycle engine (Fig.3). If it needs only two strokes to complete a cycle, it is called a two-stroke cycle engine or, for short, a two-cycle engine. Thus, a two-cycle engine fires twics as often as a four-cycle engine. 操作周期。柴油和燃气发动机可以分为两组基于数量的活塞的划水循环,或者四个或两个。一个引擎,需要完成一个周期的四种泳姿是四冲程循环发动机或、短,一个四冲程引擎(图3)。如果它只需要两个中风完成一个循环,它被称为二冲程发动机或、短,一个二冲程发动机。因此,一个二冲程发动机火灾twics经常作为一个四冲程发动机。 Piston action. An engine’s piston action may be classified as (a) single-action, (b) double-action, (c)opposed-piston. Single-acting engines use only one end of the cylinder and one face of the piston to develop power. This working space is at the end away from the crankshaft, that is, at the upper end of a vertical engine. 活塞行动。一个发动机的活塞作用可分为(一个)动,(b)双动,(c)对置活塞。单作用引擎只使用一个结束的汽缸和一个面对活塞开发力量。这个工作空间是最后离开曲轴,上端的垂直引擎。 Double-acting engines use both ends of the cylinder and both faces of the piston to develop power on the upstroke as well as on the downstroke. The construction is complicated; therefore, double-acting engines are built only in large and comparatively low-speed units, generally to power motorships. 双作用引擎使用的两端汽缸和两面的活塞开发力量在向上以及向下的。建筑是复杂的;因此,双动引擎构建只在大型和相对低速单元,通常motorships权力。 An opposed-piston engine has cylinders in each of which two pistons travel in opposite directions. The combustion space is in the middle of the cylinder between the pistons. There are two crankshafts; the upper piston drive one, the lower pistons the other. Note that each piston is single-actin