轧钢加热炉的温度自动控制——加热段均热段的解耦毕业论文（设计）word格式.docVIP

轧钢加热炉的温度自动控制——加热段均热段的解耦 摘 要 钢铁的用途十分广泛，在国民经济中起着十分重要的作用，而90%以上的钢材都要经过轧制才能满足需要。 轧钢加热炉控制质量的好坏直接关系到轧钢的经济效益，特别是炉温控制对杜绝粘钢现象、提高加热炉的寿命、降低钢坯烧损、提高成材率、减少环境污染有重要意义。 加热炉中燃气是由高炉煤气与焦炉煤气组成的混合气体，加热炉的温度控制即混合煤气与空气的燃烧控制，燃烧控制的核心问题是燃气与空气的比例（即空燃比），空气多燃气少能充分燃烧，但会造成有效热能的浪费，燃烧的废气把有效的热能带走了；空气不足燃气多，燃气不能充分燃烧并随废气排至大气，会造成严重的空气污染。由此可见，空燃比是一个时变参数。 加热炉难以用严格的数学表达式描述它的特性，是具有大惯性、大滞后和严重非线性等特性的对象。其结构复杂，受许多干扰因素的影响，燃料的发热值及残氧又很难在线准确测量，因此一般线性调节器不能满足对象及工艺控制的要求 。 加热炉的均热段、第一加热段、第二加热段之间存在强耦合，影响对加热炉的温度控制。本设计采用简单的模糊控制，通过解耦，将多变量系统分解为若干个相互独立的子系统。 关键词：轧钢 加热炉 燃烧控制 解耦 Temperature Control of the heating Furnace ——The coupling of the even heating zone and the heating zone Abstract The using of the steel is extremely wide，it plays an important role in the national economy, and more than 90% of the steel has to roll in order to meet needs. The controlling quality of the heating furnace will impact the economic efficiency, specially the temperature control has the important sense to prohibit the phenomenon of sticking steel , improve the life of heating furnace，reduce the billet to burn out，enhance yield, reduce the environmental pollution. In the heating furnace, the fuel gas is composed by the blast furnace coal gas and the coke-oven gas. The temperature control of the heating furnace is the combination of gas and the air combustion control, the core question of the combustion control is how to solve the proportion of the fuel gas and the air. When the proportion of the air is high ,the gas can be burnt fully，but this will result in the waste of the effective heat energy，and the waste gas will carry away the effective heat energy. So, theoretic mixture ratio is change parameter. The heating furnace uses the strict mathematical expression to describe its characteristic is difficulty, it is an object who has big inertia, big lag and serious nonlinear. Its structure is complex and it is impacted easily by many factors. The heating value of fuel and residual oxygen are very difficult to measure accurately onl