碳酸钠选择性浸出钨钼混合矿热力学.DOCVIP

碳酸钠选择性浸出钨钼混合矿的热力学 吴金玲，李江涛(，刘旭恒，陈星宇，何利华 （中南大学 冶金与环境学院，湖南长沙 410083） 摘 要:针对碳酸钠选择性浸出钨钼混合矿的理论问题，选取25℃条件下的热力学数据，计算并绘制了不同总碳浓度条件下的Ca-W-Mo-C-H2O体系主要离子的浓度对数图，以及溶液中总钨、总钼的浓度与pH关系图，分析了CO32?浓度以及pH值对钨酸钙和钼酸钙混合体系选择性浸出的影响。结果表明溶液中钨钼饱和浓度随着CO32?浓度的增加而增加，且钼的饱和浓度是钨饱和浓度的1.85倍；在总碳浓度一定的条件下，CaMoO4比CaWO4更易分解；为了避免低pH值下CO32?以HCO3?形式存在导致钨钼浸出率降低，溶液需要保持较高的碱度。通过控制溶液总碳浓度及pH值，可以达到钨钼混合矿选择性浸出钼的目的。 关键词:钨钼混合矿；碳酸钠；热力学计算；选择性浸出 Thermodynamic analysis on soda decomposition of powellite Wu Jin-ling,Li Jiang-tao,Liu Xu-heng,Chen Xing-yu,He Li-hua （School of Metallurgical and Environment, Central South University,Changsha 410083, Hunan） Abstract: For theoretical issues of powellite soda selective leaching, equilibrium diagrams of Ca- W-Mo-C-H2O system were drawn on the basis of thermodynamic data at 25℃, and total concentration of ions（W, Mo）-pH relationship diagrams were depicted. The effects of system pH value and total carbon-containing ions concentration on mixed system selective leaching were analyzed. Along with the concentration of CO32? increasing, the total（W, Mo）concentration in the solution also was added, and the saturation concentration of Mo is about 1.85 times that of W. Under a certain total carbon concentration, CaMoO4 is more likely to decompose than CaWO4. In addition, in order to avoid an unexpected abundant of HCO3- instead of CO32? mainly existing under low pH value, which leading to the decrease of W and Mo leaching rate, the high pH value should be kept. By controlling the total carbon concentration and pH value of the solution, Mo can be obtained by the effects of W and Mo selective leaching. Key words: Powellite; Soda; Thermodynamic calculation; Selective leaching 0 前言 随着优质钨资源的开发利用，易于选冶的黑钨矿资源日近枯竭，储量巨大的白钨矿已经成为人们提取钨所关注的热点；而由于镧系收缩效应的影响，钨钼两种元素在化学性质、原子半径等方面极其相近，导致在钙盐中二者常以共生或者伴生矿的形式存在[1]。据相关资料显示，河南栾川三道沟钨储量占全国工业储量16.0%以上，钨中矿中m(Mo)/m(WO3)达5%，部分栾川钨矿含钼量甚至达到了11.1%，这类高钼钨精矿潜在储量巨大，约占全国工业储量的45.0%以上[2]。 鉴于人们对钨产品纯度要求的日益提高，对影响其产品使用性能的杂质钼含量要求也愈来愈严格, 因此钨钼的分离成为迫切需要解决的问题。而由于钨钼性质的相似性导致在浸矿过程中几乎全部进入溶液,一般针对浸矿后液