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A Brief Introduction on How to Write Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations 沈逸博士讲师 复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院 前提 思考 阅读 学习 分析 归纳 起点：提出一个问题 知识 问题 现象 三类问题 • Conceptual Questions: What should we Think? – I’m working on the topic of X •Because I want to find out how/why/whether Y (so what if you do?) – So that I can help others understand how/why/whether Z. • Practical Questions: What should We Do? – I am working on the Topic of X •Because I want to find out Y – So that I can tell readers what to do to fix/improve Z • Applied Questions: What must we understand before we know what to do? – I want to find out how Americans have changed their daily lives in response to the terrorist attacks on 911 – Then we can understand the psychological factors that cause ordinary Americans to exaggerate their personal risk from a terrorist attack – Then we can understand how to reduce the effects of those psychological factors – Then Perhaps the government can use that information to communicate more effectively the real risk from terrorism Moving from a Topic to a Question to a Working Hypothesis • Find a question in Your Topic – Search Your Interests – Make Your Topic Manageable – Question Your Topic – Evaluate your Questions • Propose Some Working Answers – Decide on a Working Hypothesis – Beware the Risks in a Working Hypothesis – If You Can’t Find an Answer, Argue for your question • Building a Storyboard to Plan and Guide