Landslides and GIS(滑坡与地理信息系统)超前版.pptVIP

Landslide types and causes Introduction to GIS Introduction to landslidesPart 4: Use of GIS for landslide mapping Cees van Westen International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC), Enschede, The Netherlands. E-mail: westen@itc.nl First define the objective of the study. Danger exists that the data that will be collected will not be in accordance with the scale of analysis, or the method of analysis. This might lead to a waste of time and money if too detailed data is collected, or an oversimplification if too general data is collected. The following things should be considered: The objective of the study The scale of the study The type of analysis that will be followed The types of input data that will be collected. Defining objective Landslide hazard studies can be made for any different purposes. Some of these might be: For an environmental impact study for engineering works; For the disaster management of a town or city; For the modelling of sediment yield in a catchment ; For a watershed management project; For a community participation project in disaster management; For a the generation of awareness among decision makers; For scientific purposes. Each of these objectives will lead to specific requirements with respect to the scale of work, the method of analysis and the type and detail of input data to be collected. Scales of analysis National scale Smaller than 1:1.000.000, covering an entire country, mainly intended to generate awareness among decision makers and the general public. Maps on this scale are often intended to be included in national atlases. Scales of analysis Regional scale Between 1:100.000 and 1:1.000.000, covering a large catchment area, or a political entity of the country. The maps at this scale are mostly intended for reconnaissance phases for planning projects for the construction of infrastructural works, or agricultural development projects. Scales of analysis Medium scale Between 1:25.000 a