基于车速表指针痕迹的车辆碰撞速度鉴定方法及其机理分析-vehicle collision speed identification method based on speedometer pointer trace and its mechanism analysis.docx

的错误理解，并提供了一种将振动方式与痕迹图谱相关联的途径，丰富了振动力学与痕迹形态学的理论研究。再次，率先对指针痕迹进行了详细的图谱绘制与真伪鉴识。另外，多光谱技术、水分子覆膜技术与平面图像的三维测量等关键技术的引入，大大提高了指针痕迹的检出率和鉴定结果的准确性。虽在本课题以上方面有所创新，但仍有一定的不足之处。由于同类研究文献较少，实案样本随机分布较散且难以控制，而实车碰撞实验验证难度亦较大。因此，对于本课题研究过程中发现的部分疑难问题，例如指针的卡位与碰撞速度的量效关系，某种盘面材质与特定光谱的反射关系，以及撞击速度与痕迹形态的具体关联，还需进行更深入的研究。本课题所建立的方法，仅用于中高车速正面碰撞事故车辆的车速鉴定，而对侧碰、追尾和低速正面碰撞的车速鉴定暂不适用。关键词：指针痕迹；碰撞速度；正面碰撞；多光谱分析；交通事故；物证技术；痕迹学；ExperimentalStudy and MorphologicalAnalysis on SpeedometerNeedle Marks forVehicle Collision Speed IdentificationAbstractAsamajorcauseofdeathanddisability,trafficaccidentshavebecometheworlds largestpublicnuisance.Currently,thereareabout1,300,000peoplediedandabout2,000,000~5,000,000peopleinjuredintrafficaccidentsworldwideeachyear.Theeconomiccosttodevelopingcountriesisatleast$100billionayear.TheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyin2010hasproclaimedtheperiod2011-2020astheDecadeofActionforRoadSafety.Thecollisionspeedasaveryimportantindicatorfortrafficaccidentsdirectlyaffectstheseverityoftrafficcasualtiesandeconomicloss,becausetheimpactenergyisproportionaltothesquareofvelocity.Therefore,itplaysaveryimportantroleinthe mechanismoftrafficinjuries,theroadtrafficlawsandregulationsandtheresponsibilityinaccidents.Thespeedidentificationtechniqueshavealwaysbeenhotanddifficult.Thetraditionalmethodsfortrafficaccidentspeedanalysisarebythebrakemarksof tyres,thedeformationofvehicles,thefalloutsfromthevehicles,thescratchesonthevehiclebodyortyres,tocalculatethebrakingspeedsandthecollisionspeeds.WiththegradualpopularizationofABSandtheasphaltsurface,andwithmoreandmoreuncertainties,fewerandfewerbraketraceshavebeenfoundontheroad,thatthetraditionalspeedidentificationmethodscannotmeetthenewdifficultsituations.Itneedstoimprovetechniquesforcollisionspeeddetermination.Thetopicinthisthesisisfromthesceneobservationbytheteamofthementor. Blockedneedleshavebeenfoundinasuddenthatexpertshaveimaginedtheremightbeneedleimpressionslikefingerprintsleftonthegaugeplates.Ifthedecelerationswerehighenoughtomaketheneedlecantileverimpactwiththegaugep