基于动态可靠度的在役桥梁加固剩余寿命分析-residual life analysis of in-service bridge reinforcement based on dynamic reliability.docxVIP

摘要改革开放后，我国基础建设进入快速发展阶段，并取得举世瞩目的成就，截止到 2011年底我国高速公路通车里程已达 8.5 万公里。桥梁作为交通控制性工程在公路、铁路建 设中具有重要地位。随着桥梁结构服役年限的增长，受结构材料自身强度退化及其周围环境影响，结构 不可避免发生损伤造成承载力不足、可靠度降低。为了科学决策对受损桥梁的处理，需 要对其进行外观检测、承载力评估并确定其动态可靠度，并积累同类型桥梁结构经验。 本文以某预应力混凝土简支空心板桥为研究对象，预应力混凝土简支空心板桥具有构造 简单、施工方便、建筑高度小等优点，在我国公路中小跨径桥梁建设中得到广泛应用。 首先对其受损状况进行检测，了解其病害及真实材料强度，然后对其使用期可靠度进行 计算，初步评定其承载力等级，得出需要加固维修的结论。分析总结常用结构可靠度计算理论优缺点及计算方法，鉴于桥梁结构可靠度计算的 复杂因素，本文提出一种易于推广的可靠度计算方法。以桥梁实例作为背景，选择承载 力极限状态建立功能函数。借助数学软件 Matlab 产生结构抗力及荷载效应随机数，利 用软件自带的工具箱建立 BP 神经网络，通过试算确定训练参数并对神经网络进行训练， 得到承载力极限状态显式表达式，利用 JC 法计算可靠指标。30 组验算结果表明：此法 计算复杂结构可靠度准确性高、实用性好。本文最后对桥梁加固方案做了分析，提出综合加固补强措施，根据加固方案对结构 抗力模型进行了修正，得出桥梁加固后的可靠度，从而证明加固方法的合理性和有效性。 通过对桥梁加固后全程动态可靠度作分析，预测加固后桥梁的剩余使用寿命。关键词：动态可靠度，BP 神经网络，加固，剩余使用寿命AbstractChina began its large-scale infrastructure Since the Chinese Economic Reform, and has made tremendous achievements. Until the end of 2011, Chinas highway mileage has reached 85,000 kms. As for traffic control projects, bridges play an important role in the highway and railway construction.With the growth of the structures service life, the damage of structures is unavoidable which will cause the bearing capacity of inadequate and reliability decreases, because of the structural material strength degradation and its surrounding environment. In order to make reasonable decision on the damaged bridges, we have to do a lot of work on appearance detection, capacity assessment and on fixing the dynamic reliability, and gathering experience for the same type of bridge structures.In this thesis, the research object is a PC Simply-supported Hollow Slab Bridge. As a bridge structure in the form of practical, with the advantages of simple structure, easy constructed and lower building height, has been widely used in the field of Small and Medium-sized Bridges in Chinas highway construction. Firstly, the damaged condition isexamined，in order to make sure the disease and the real strength of the material is known,then, the preliminary quantified assessment of the reliabili