第2章 遥感(电磁波和电磁波谱1).pptVIP

Atmospheric windows Atmospheric modification of EMR includes: Scattering（散射） Refraction（折射） Absorption（吸收） NON-SELECTIVE SCATTERING Particles much larger than incident radiation Takes place in lower atmosphere Not wavelength dependent Primary cause of cloud Electromagnetic Radiation and the Electromagnetic Spectrum（电磁波与电磁波谱） Electromagnetic Radiation and the Electromagnetic Spectrum（电磁波与电磁波谱） Electromagnetic Radiation and the Electromagnetic Spectrum（电磁波与电磁波谱） Atmospheric windows Atmospheric modification of EMR includes: Scattering（散射） Refraction（折射） Absorption（吸收） GENERAL EFFECTS OF SCATTERING Satellite images include atmospheric path radiance in addition to surface radiance Decreases spatial detail (fuzzy images) Reduces contrast Electromagnetic Radiation and the Electromagnetic Spectrum（电磁波与电磁波谱） Atmospheric windows Atmospheric modification of EMR includes: Scattering（散射） Refraction（折射） Absorption（吸收） REFRACTION Bending of light Occurs when light passes through two media with different density (atmospheric layers) Causes mirages during hot days Degrades satellite images on hot, humid days Electromagnetic Radiation and the Electromagnetic Spectrum（电磁波与电磁波谱） Atmospheric windows Atmospheric modification of EMR includes: Scattering（散射） Refraction（折射） Absorption（吸收） ABSORPTION Mostly caused by three atmospheric gases OZONE: absorbs UV CARBON DIOXIDE: Lower atmosphere, absorbs 13 - 17.5 microns WATER VAPOUR: Lower atmosphere, absorbs between 5.5 and 7 microns and above 27 microns. Electromagnetic Radiation and the Electromagnetic Spectrum（电磁波与电磁波谱） Atmospheric windows（大气窗口） This all means that we can’t use the whole range of the EMR spectrum for remote sensing The atmosphere is only transparent enough at certain wavelengths (even here we lose c. 20%) Electromagnetic Radiation and the Electromagnetic Spectrum（电磁波与电磁波谱） Atmospheric windows Electromagnetic Radiation and the Electromagnetic Spectrum（电磁波与电磁波谱） Structure The remote sensing proces