基于细胞自动机方法城市交通流模拟及优化-simulation and optimization of urban traffic flow base on cellular automata method.docxVIP

IV vehicles and road barricades on the traffic flow are also studied. Simulation results show that the vehicular density and the signal cycle time have significant influences on the traffic flow. The mean velocity of the traffic flow could keep a comparatively large value when vehicular density is less than the optimal density. When the vehicular density exceeds the optimal density, the state of traffic flow is affected by the density significantly. For a certain value of density, the mean velocity displays a serrated fluctuation with cycle time. Therefore, there may exist a certain combination of density and cycle time which optimizes the traffic flow efficiency. The effect of barricades on traffic flow is highly related to vehicular density. The higher the vehicular density value is, the more conspicuous the effect of barricades will be. The 2-D typical urban traffic with consideration of four crossroads are investigated. A parameter ρcross is defined which means the allowed-density of vehicles at crossing. Influences of signal cycle time, vehicular density and allowed-density of vehicles at crossing on the mean run-time, mean velocity and mean overtaking times of the traffic flow are discussed. Simulation results show that there exist certain range of ρcross which optimizes the traffic flow efficiency, and avoids traffic jam and deadlock at crossing. The model proposed here and the simulation results which took into account the effects of signal cycle time, vehicular density, density of vehicles at crossing on the traffic flow with overtaking allowed, can reflect the situation of the traffic flow in a more realistic way. According to the above 2-D typical urban traffic model, the effect of two signals control strategies, i.e., the fixed-time control and the actuated control are discussed. With the fixed-time control, traffic lights turn green and red synchronously, while with the actuated control, the traffic lights change according to the number of waiting vehic