名词性从句（1）.ppt

* 名词性从句 English Grammar 名词性从句 名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功能同名词一样。 引导名词性从句的连词： who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how, how many, how long, how far, that, if , whether, whoever, whomever, whichever ,whatever, however, whenever, wherever .etc 名词性从句包括： 主语从句：What you said sounds reasonable. 表语从句：This is what I was asked to do. 宾语从句：Nobody knows who broke the glass. 同位语从句：The idea that we’ll go out for a picnic is great 名词性从句应注意事项： 1、 从句的语序为陈述句; 2、 连词that不充当任何成分; 3、what总是要充当主语、宾语、 表语和定语; 掌握连词的含义及分类 绝大多数名词性从句的连词都有其实在意义，称为有义连词，如what表“……的内容”，when表“……的时间”，where表“……的地点”，why表“……的原因”，how表“如何；怎样”，who表“谁”，if、whether表“是否”；没有实在意义的连词叫无义连词，无义连词只有that一个。 例1：Go and get your coat．Its ____ you left it．（NMET92） A．there B．where C．there where D．where there 该题后半句句意为“你的上衣在你原来放的地方”，所以应选有义连词 例2：It worried her a bit? ____ her hair was turning gray．（NMET92） A．while B．that C．it D．for 主语从句中，“她的头发正逐渐变白”句意已完整，因此应填无义连词 where that 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is a consolation(慰藉）. It is right what you said yesterday. It is a consolation that she is still alive. × √ 一．宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如： I heard __________________________(他参军了）. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： She did not know________________________(发生了什么事). I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语，例如： Our success depends upon _______________________________ __________________________(我们互相之间合作的有多好）. he joined the army what had happened how well we can cooperate with each other 3. 作形容词的宾语，例如： I am afraid (that) ________________________(我犯了一个错误）. 注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： sure,anxious, afraid, certain, confident, determined, g