英语论文写作4Process of Doing the Research (II).pptVIP

Research Paper Writing Lecture 4 Unit 4 Unit 4??Process of Doing the Research (II) TEACHING PLAN Period I: 40 minutes Explanation of the text-book: pp.29-40 Period II: More words about steps of research paper writing Process of Doing the Research (II) 4.1??Format of the Note Cards?? 4.2??Forms of Note Cards???? 4.2.1??The Quotation Note Card???? 4.2.2??The Paraphrase Note Card???? 4.2.3??The Summary Note Card???? 4.2.4??The Comment Note Card???? 4.2.5??Note in Chinese Origin?? 4.3??Note-Taking on a Computer?? 4.4??Avoiding Plagiarism Note within text (文内注) 赫曼斯（Hermans）则认为：“规范是心理和社会实体，是人们互动交际中重要的构成因素，属于社会化进程中的一部分。从广义上讲，规范涵盖常规与法令之间的全部领域（转引韩江洪、张柏然，2004：53-55）。”他还认为，规范介于惯例和法则之间，它的一头是惯例（convention），另一头是法则（decree）。 谢芙娜（Sch?ffner, 2007：1）在巴切（Bartsch）的规范观之基础上，认为：“规范是社交过程的产物，是社会团体成员共有的惯例，是其社会行为的范例，它能规约人们关于行为举止本身及其结果的期待。” Note cards: (1) Note cards that summarize Summarizing is the best kind of preliminary note taking because it is the fastest. A summary condenses information, perhaps encapsulating a chapter in a short paragraph or a paragraph in a short sentence. A summary should be written in your own words. (2) Note cards that paraphrase Like a summary, a paraphrase is written in your own words. It retells the information in about the same number of words of the original source, while a summary only reports the significant information in fewer words than the source. If you retain occasional choice phrases from the source, put quotation marks around them so that you’ll know later which phrases are your own to avoid plagiarism. (3) Note cards that quote A quotation consists of the exact words from a source. On your note cards, put all quoted material in quotation marks and be sure to copy the words of your source exactly, including punctuation and capitalization. Quotation should be reserved for special purposes: to use a writer’s especially vivid or expressive wording, to allow an expert to explain a complex matter clearly, or to let critics of an opinion sta