c3翻译的基本的技巧2 英汉互译课件.pptVIP

第三章 翻译的基本技巧Translation Techniques 第二部分 Part Two Procedures of today: Amplification vs. Omission Affirmation vs. negation Repetition Exercises in class Assignments of today 增译法Amplification p.p.41—43 英译汉的增词主要是出于汉语表达的需要，用增词法译出原文所省略的词语，增添必要的连接词、量词或复数概念，表现不同的时态或先后顺序，或从修辞连贯等方面考虑，使译文的遣词造句符合汉语的表达习惯。 汉译英的增词旨在使译文符合英语的语法结构和表达习惯，常用于代词、冠词、连接词以及介词的增添。 Some more examples: Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter. 物质可以转化为能量，能量也可以转化为物质。 Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. 从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训好。 Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it. 因为空气具有重量，所以处在空气中的任何物体都会受到空气的作用力。 The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley. 群山开始向山谷投下一道道蔚蓝色长影。 We won’t retreat; we never have and never will. 我们不会后退，我们从来没有后退过，我们将来也决不会后退。 This shows that the resistance of an electric conductor is inversely proportional to its cross-section area. 这表明，导体电阻的大小与导体横切面的大小成反比。 省略法Omission p.p. 43—45 英译汉时省略法主要是省略一些可有可无、不符合译文习惯表达法的词语，如实词中的代词、动词，虚词中的冠词、介词和连词等。 汉译英时省略主要是省略冗词赘语，以及一些表示概念范畴的词语和过分详细的描述。 Some more examples: For two weeks, he had been studying the house, looking at its rooms, its electric wiring, its path and its garden. 两周以来，他一直注意观察房子的情况，察看各个房间，留心电线的走向、通道和花园的布局。 The direction of a force can be represented by an arrow. 力的方向可以用箭头表示。 On Sundays we have no school. 周日我们不上学。 Mr. Bingley was good-looking and gentleman-like. 宾利先生相貌英俊，彬彬有礼。 If you don’t go there tomorrow, they will get angry. 你明天不去，他们会生气的。 When the pressure gets low, the boiling-point becomes low. 压力低，沸点就低。 Outside it was pitch-dark and it was raining cats and dogs. 外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。 我已经提前完成了交给我的工作，他也提前完成了交给他的工作。 I have fulfilled my assigned work ahead of schedule, so has he. 这些问题就是他提出的关于美国政治制度的问题。 These are his questions on the American political system. 花园里面是人间的乐园，有的是吃不了的大米白面，穿不完的绫罗绸缎，用不完的金银财宝。 The garden was a paradise on earth, with more food and clothes than could be consumed and more money than could be spend.