chap03 Communication Networks 无线网络通信 英文教材.pptVIP

Communication Networks Chapter 3 Types of Communication Networks Traditional Traditional local area network (LAN) Traditional wide area network (WAN) Higher-speed High-speed local area network (LAN) Metropolitan area network (MAN) High-speed wide area network (WAN) Speed and Distance of Communications Networks Characteristics of WANs Covers large geographical areas Circuits provided by a common carrier Consists of interconnected switching nodes Traditional WANs provide modest capacity 64000 bps common Business subscribers using T-1 service – 1.544 Mbps common Higher-speed WANs use optical fiber and transmission technique known as asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) 10s and 100s of Mbps common Characteristics of LANs Like WAN, LAN interconnects a variety of devices and provides a means for information exchange among them Traditional LANs Provide data rates of 1 to 20 Mbps High-speed LANS Provide data rates of 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps Switching Terms Switching Nodes: Intermediate switching device that moves data Not concerned with content of data Stations: End devices that wish to communicate Each station is connected to a switching node Communications Network: A collection of switching nodes Switched Network Observations of Figure 3.3 Some nodes connect only to other nodes (e.g., 5 and 7) Some nodes connect to one or more stations Node-station links usually dedicated point-to-point links Node-node links usually multiplexed links Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) Time-division multiplexing (TDM) Not a direct link between every node pair Techniques Used in Switched Networks Circuit switching Dedicated communications path between two stations E.g., public telephone network Packet switching Message is broken into a series of packets Each node determines next leg of transmission for each packet Phases of Circuit Switching Circuit establishment An end to end circuit is established through switching nodes Information Transfer Information transmitted through the network Dat