毕业设计（论文）-WE-300液压万能试验机主机设计.doc

摘 要 本课题是对WE-300液压万能试验机主机进行设计，液压万能试验机是利用液压加荷，对金属材料做拉伸、压缩、弯曲及剪切实验以及对塑料、水泥及混凝土等材料做压缩及弯曲试验用以检测材料力学性能的一种测试仪器。为了保证试验机指示负荷读书有较高的准确性，采用动摆测力计指示实验力。试验机分为主机和测力计两个部分。本课题主要对试验机主机的下部主传动系统和试样的拉伸机构，包括电机控制调整空间的下钳口部分和液压油缸活塞通过反向架控制的上钳口（动横梁）部分进行方案论证、结构设计以及设计说明。 关键词： 材料试验机 电机控制 液压 活塞 Abstract This topic is WE-300 hydraulic universal testing machine at the design, hydraulic universal testing machine is the use of liquid loading, the metal material tensile, compression, bending and shear test as well as plastic, cement and concrete and other materials to do compression and bending test to detect mechanical properties of a test instrument. Load testing machine instructions in order to ensure a higher accuracy of the study, the use of pendulum dynamometer test force instructions. Testing machine and the dynamometer is divided into two main parts. The main subject of the lower part of the testing machine main drive and the host of The tensile institutions, including motor control to adjust the space under the jaw part and reverse frame by hydraulic cylinders controlled by the piston on the jaws (fixed beam) part program feasibility studies, structural design and design specification. 1, the test force of 300 kN maximum load; 2, the maximum distance between the jaws stretched 800 mm; 3, the distance between the compression surface 0-300 mm; 4, under the jaw motor power 0.6 kilowatts. Key words： Material testing machinemotor control hydraulic piston 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 摘要………………………………………………………………..…….….……...I IV 2 液压万能试验机系统综述 - 3 - 2.1主要用途及使用范围 - 3 - 2.2.1主体 - 4 - 2.2.2测力计 - 5 - 2.3试验机的结构原理 - 5 - 2.3.1主体结构原理 - 5 - 2.3.2测力计结构原理 - 6 - 2.4 试验机的使用 - 8 - 2.4.1度盘的选用 - 8 - 2.4.2指针零点的调整 - 8 - 2.4.3平衡铊的调整 - 8 - 2.4.4送油阀及回油阀的操作 - 8 - 2.4.5 缓冲阀的调整 - 9 - 2.4.6 拉伸试验、压缩试验、弯曲试验、剪切试验 - 9 - 3 主要零件的分析计算及其校核 - 10 - 3.1下钳口座升降电机的选取 - 10 - 3.2下钳口座升降螺纹副的选取 - 13 - 3.3下钳口座强度、刚度校核 - 14 - 3.4蜗轮蜗杆的选取 - 18 - 3.5蜗杆、涡轮传动及装配 - 21 - 3.6皮带的选取 - 22 - 3.7立柱的校核 - 24 - 3.8拉杆螺纹部分计算 - 24 - 3.9丝杠传动及装配 - 25 - 3.9