Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis (14th edition) Ch2资料.ppt

2-* Different Definitions of Costs for Different Applications 2-* Learning Objective 7 Describe a framework for cost accounting and cost management 2-* Three Common Features of Cost Accounting and Cost Management 1. Calculating the cost of products, services, and other cost objects 2. Obtaining information for planning and control, and performance evaluation 3. Analyzing the relevant information for making decisions * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2-* Use Unit Costs Cautiously What should the budgeted cost be for an estimated production of 100,000? Total fixed cost $ 10,000,000 Total variable cost ($60 × 100,000) 6,000,000 Total $16,000,000 Unit cost $16,000,000 ÷ 100,000 = $160 2-* Learning Objective 5 Distinguish inventoriable costs from period costs 2-* Different Types of Firms Manufacturing, Merchandising, and Service companies 2-* Manufacturing Manufacturing companies purchase materials and components and convert them into finished goods. A manufacturing company must also develop, design, market, and distribute its products. 2-* Merchandising Merchandising companies purchase and then sell tangible products without changing their basic form. 2-* Service Service companies provide services or intangible products to their customers. Labor is the most significant cost category. 2-* Learning Objective 6 Describe the three categories of inventories commonly found in manufacturing companies 2-* Types of Inventories Direct Materials – resources in stock and available for use Work-in-Process (or progress) – products started but not yet completed. WIP Finished Goods – products completed and ready for sale Manufacturing companies typically have one or more of the following three types of inventories: 2-* Types of Inventory Merchandising companies hold only one type of inventory – the product in its original purchased form. Service companies do not hold inventories of tangible products. 2-* Manufacturing Costs Manufacturing consists of activities t