计算流体力学cfd技术用于冷库气流优化的分析-analysis of cfd technology in cold storage airflow optimization.docx

（3）由于大型冷库中很难通过实验得到准确的流场分布，本文在计算了某大型商用冷库（长 48m×宽 46m×高 6m）的制冷量后对冷风机进行了选型，使用 CFD 数值模拟了该冷库运行时的气流组织，并分别进行了风机不同吹风形式的对 比。研究发现风机置于冷库中央，分别向两边吹风的方式由于气流相互干涉小而 使流场较均匀；冷库中温度高的区域同样出现在墙侧拐角位置与回风区；冷库降 温过程中温度场分布受到流场分布的影响在水平面上具有良好的对称性。（4）利用先前得到的大型冷库中较合理的风机吹风方式，参考《冷库设计规 范》等标准模拟不同货物在冷库储存时，冷库内整体和不同货物区的流速分布， 比较了货物间距分别采用 10cm 和 15cm 对冷库流场的影响，得出了 10cm 的货物 间尺寸由于货物区占用空间小，货物摆放区的流速较小而相对 15cm 货物间距摆设 形式更优；同时冷库高度方向接近风机主射流区域平面上的平均流速上升明显。 目标冷库内风机采用 3m/s 的吹风速度因货物区域的气流满足规范要求故较有利于 无包装货物的储存要求；采用 5m/s 的吹风速度时，由于货物区上层货物顶部气流 超出规范要求，建议对该区域的货物采取一定的包装；而采用 7m/s 的吹风速度由 于货物区流速过大而不利于目标冷库中的货物要求。关键词：冷库，CFD，气流分布，风机，数值计算Application of Air Flow in Cold Store by Computational Fluid DynamicsABSTRACTThe cold store is a place to store agricultural products, medicine, military products at low temperature and prevent them from putridity. Since 1990s, with the development and improvement of living standard to citizens, both the needs of quality and quantity of food have been improved. Therefore, the scale and quantity of cold store in our country is increasing. However, the problem of unreasonable air flow distribution in the store has not been solved efficaciously. This is due to that the non uniform zone of air flow can not be obtained by traditional experiments, what’s more, visualization research costs high and the results are probably not ideal. The unreasonable air flow will increase the operation cost of a cold store and decline the quanlity of preserved foods, which should be solved during the operation of the store. As the branch of hydromechanics, computational fluid dynamics is used to research the properties of heat transfer and mass transfer to different flows. Recently application field of CFD is being widened continuously. The purpose of this study is to seek for precise methods to simulate the air flow distribution of different scales of cold store. After the methods are proved to be accurate by practical experiment, they will be applied to analyze influence to unitary air flow in a cold store that caused by