Introduction to Sampling Distributions幻灯片课件.pptVIP

Business Statistics: A Decision-Making Approach, 6e ? 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Business Statistics: A Decision-Making Approach, 6e ? 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Business Statistics: A Decision-Making Approach, 6e ? 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Business Statistics: A Decision-Making Approach 6th Edition Chapter 6Introduction to Sampling Distributions Chapter Goals After completing this chapter, you should be able to: Define the concept of sampling error Determine the mean and standard deviation for the sampling distribution of the sample mean, x Determine the mean and standard deviation for the sampling distribution of the sample proportion, p Describe the Central Limit Theorem and its importance Apply sampling distributions for both x and p _ _ _ _ Sampling Error Sample Statistics are used to estimate Population Parameters ex: X is an estimate of the population mean, μ Problems: Different samples provide different estimates of the population parameter Sample results have potential variability, thus sampling error exits Calculating Sampling Error Sampling Error: The difference between a value (a statistic) computed from a sample and the corresponding value (a parameter) computed from a population Example: (for the mean) where: Review Population mean: Sample Mean: where: μ = Population mean x = sample mean xi = Values in the population or sample N = Population size n = sample size Sampling Distribution A sampling distribution is a distribution of the possible values of a statistic for a given size sample selected from a population Developing a Sampling Distribution Assume there is a population … Population size N=4 Random variable, x,is age of individuals Values of x: 18, 20,22, 24 (years) A B C D .3 .2 .1 0 18 20 22 24 A B C D Uniform Distribution P(x) x (continued) Summary Measures for the Population Distribution: Developing a Sampling Distribution 16 possible samples (sampling with rep