第8次课UNIT 11 Lathe and Turning 车床与车削.ppt

3. Lathe Operations As previously mentioned, the axial feed is automatically generated when cutting a thread by means of the lead screw, which drives the carriage. When the lead screw rotates a single revolution, the carriage travels a distance equal to the pitch of the lead screw. 如前所述，当依靠驱动大拖板的丝杆切削螺纹时轴向进给是自动产生的。丝杆旋转一圈，大拖板就行进等于丝杆节距的一段距离。 3. Lathe Operations Consequently, if the rotational speed of the lead screw is equal to that of the spindle (i.e., that of the workpiece), the pitch of the resulting cut thread is exactly equal to that of the lead screw(丝杆). 因此如果丝杆的旋转速度等于心轴的转速(即工件的转速)，生成切削螺纹的节距就正好等于丝杆的节距。 3. Lathe Operations The pitch of the resulting thread being cut therefore always depends upon the ratio of the rotational speeds of the lead screw and the spindle: Pitch of the lead screw/ Desired pitch of workpiece=rpm of the workpiece/rpm of lead screw=spindle-to-carriage gearing ratio. 所以被切削生成螺纹的节距总是取决于丝杆和心轴的转速比：丝杆的节距/工件所需节距=工件转速/丝杆转速=心轴到大拖板的传动比。 3. Lathe Operations This equation is useful in determining the kinematic linkage between the lathe spindle and the lead screw and enables proper selection of the gear train (轮系)between them. 这公式在决定车床心轴和丝杆之间的运动学关系时很有用，并且提供了正确挑选它们之间轮系的方法。 3. Lathe Operations In thread cutting operations, the workpiece can either be held in the chuck or mounted between the two lathe centers for relatively long workpieces. The form of the tool used must exactly coincide with the profile of the thread to be cut, i.e., triangular tools must be used for triangular threads, and so on. 在螺纹切削作业中，工件既能支撑于卡盘中，对相对较长的工件也能安装在两个车床顶尖之间。使用的刀具外形必须正好与要切削螺纹的轮廓一致，即三角形刀具必须用于三角形螺纹等等。 3. Lathe Operations Knurling. Knurling is mainly a forming operation in which no chips are produced. It involves pressing two hardened rolls with rough filelike surfaces against the rotating workpiece to cause plastic deformation of the workpiece metal. 滚花：滚花主要是一种不产生切屑的成型操作。它使用两个带有粗锉式表面的淬火滚轮压在旋转的工件上使工件金属产生塑性变形。 3. Lathe Operations Knurling is carried out to produce rough, cylin