Revision and Exercise 文体学教材.pptVIP

1 Chapter 2 Three Views on StyleMain Contents Introduction of the term: style Style as Deviance Style as Choice Style as Foregrounding Revision and Exercise Why is it possible for us to do stylistic inquiry? What are the two goals for stylistic inquiry? Which goal is more difficult to reach and What are the three components and procedure for stylistic analysis according to Halliday and Short? Look at the exercise on P 3 Different definitions of style Style as form (Aristotle) Style as eloquence (Cicero) Style is the man. (Buffon) Style as personal idiosyncrasy (Murry) Saying the right thing in the most effective way (Enkvist) Style as the choice between alternative expressions (Enkvist) Style as equivalence (Jakobson) 4 To continue Style as foregrounding (Leech and Short) Style as deviation (Spitzer) Three meanings of Style A 文体；B 语域；C 风格 文体指说话或写作的格调，它随时变化，由非正式到十分正式，看具体情景、对象、地点、语题等因素而定。 语域指一个特定的群体所用的特殊语言变体，这群体或者有共同的职业（如医生、律师），或者共同的兴趣（如集邮、足球），因而有其特定的语言变体。 风格指特有的说话或写作方式，如莎士比亚的风格、弥而顿的风格、意识流的风格等 8 its systematic violation is what makes possible the poetic utilization of language; Style lies in the abnormal, deviational, de-automatized, or foregrounded use of language. That is Quality deviance（质的偏离）. 9 Quality deviance（量的偏离） is represented in the various levels of language in literary texts, such as phonological, graphological, lexical, syntactical, semantic and pragmatic levels. 10 Semantic (1) a grief agoan example of irregular collocation Meaning: The poet has experienced grief repeatedly so that he can measure time in terms of it. (2)The child is the father of the man. Deviation at discoursal level see next page 11 Ex 1: anyone lived in a pretty how town anyone live in a pretty how town how anyone live in a pretty town (with up so floating many bells down) (with so many bells floating up down) spring summer autumn winter he sang his didn’t he danced his did (refer to antonyms, as somet