unit 3 Operating Systems 计算机系统概论（双语教材）专业英语教材.ppt

* Operating Systems By Suresh Foreign Teacher East China Institute of Technology O.S is the software that controls the overall operation of a computer . It provides the means by which a user can store and retrieve files, provides the interface by which a user can request the execution of programs ,and provides the environment necessary to execute the programs requested. OPERATING SYSTEM (O.S) A queue is storage organization in which objects are ordered in first-in ,first-out fashion. Interactive processing. real time processing The solution to this problem was to design operating systems that provided service to multiple users at the same time: a feature called time sharing. One means of implementation time sharing is to apply the technique called multiprogramming in which time is divided into intervals and then the execution of each job restricted to only one interval at time. Today ,multiprogramming techniques re used in single user as well as multi-user system ,although in the former the result is usually called multitasking. But the evolution of operating systems continues. The development of multiprocessor machines has led to operating system that provide time-sharing/multitasking capabilities by assigning different tasks to different processor a well as well as by sharing the time of each single processor. these operating systems must wrestle with such problems as load balancing as well as scaling. *