甜菜根中蔗糖运输的生理机制研究论文论文.docVIP

摘  要  摘 要 甜菜是我国北方特有的糖料作物，在我国北方农业生产中占有重要地位。目前黑龙江省 乃至全国甜菜单产不高、总产不稳，特别是含糖率呈下降趋势，已成为限制我国甜菜糖业发 展的障碍性因子。氮素供应不合理是主要原因之一。 甜菜是在肥大直根中贮存大量蔗糖的经济作物。自上个世纪五十年代以来，由于同位素 技术广泛应用,甜菜叶片中蔗糖合成及运输等机理已基本清楚。然而转移至根中蔗糖的韧皮 部后运输途径，鲜有研究且众说纷纭。用放射性同位素示踪比活度的方法，可以示踪运输至 根的光合产物在韧皮部，韧皮部后的运输路径，因此我们就可以根据从韧皮部到韧皮部后路 径再到贮藏组织的整个运输途径中是否存在一个由高到低的 14C 光合产物梯度，及该梯度随 根的发育而增大或减弱情况，进而判定蔗糖从进入根直至贮藏组织的整个运输途径，特别是 判定韧皮部后运输是否为蔗糖运输途径中的限速阶段。所以本研究的目的是揭示根中蔗糖运 输的生理机制，判定韧皮部后运输是否是蔗糖运输的限速阶段。结果表明： （1）甜菜根中的蔗糖含量随甜菜发育持续上升。 （2）在甜菜完熟之前，糖鞘分配到的光合产物均占块根的 50%以上，为块根中的光合 产物分配中心；而到完热阶段分配到糖鞘的 14C 光合产物与其它组织接近，不再有明显的分 配中心。 （3）糖鞘中的 14C 放射性比活度随甜菜发育呈下降趋势，尤其在后期下降极为明显。 （4）输入到糖鞘的 14C 光合产物主要以蔗糖形式存在，说明光合产物是以蔗糖为主体 输入糖鞘参与糖积累和代谢的。 （5）甜菜块根各种糖代谢关键酶活性的变化动态呈现不同的规律。 关键词：甜菜；运输；14C 示踪，蔗糖；SS；SPS I 东北农业大学理学硕士学位论文 The Physiological Mechanism of Transportation in Sugar Beet(Beta Vulgaris L.) Abstract Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) was an endemic sugar crop and played an important role in agricultural production in north China. Yields of sugar beet were not high and the total output was instable, particularly sugar content showed a downward trend in Heilongjiang province and the national. All had become the obstacle factors to the development of sugar beet. Sugar beet was an endemic crop that storage large sucrose in hypertrophy main root. The mechanism of sucrose synthesize and transportation in sugarbeet leaves was clearly,because of the isotope technology widely application.However,there is little research and different opinions about the post-phloem transportation way of sucrose in root,By using radioactivity isotope trace technology way can trace the photosynthetic product transportation way on the phloem and post-phloem in root ,So it can according to whether the whole transportation way of phloem and post-phloem and storage tissue being a high to low 14C photosynthetic product gradient and the condition of this gradient increased or decreased with beet root growth. And further judge the whole transportation of sucrose enter into root to storage tissue，Especial