ieee802.11mac层协议性能分析与优化-performance analysis and optimization of ieee 802.11 mac layer protocol.docx

摘要由于 IEEE 802.11 无线局域网具有便捷、灵活、成本低和易于扩展等优点，近些年已经被 广泛应用于各种场合。与传统的有线网络相比，无线网络的性能还有很大差距。除了无线传 输媒介的固有原因之外，MAC 层协议也是造成性能瓶颈的重要因素。因此，为了进一步提升 IEEE 802.11 无线局域网的性能，研究和改进 IEEE 802.11 MAC 层协议具有非常重要的意义。随着 IEEE 802.11 标准的广泛应用，学术界已提出了多种分析分布式协调功能（DCF）的 数学模型。通过仔细研究标准中的退避计数器递减规则，我们发现成功发送之后的第一个时 隙仅能被刚成功发送的那个站点接入。因此，连续信道时隙之间的无关性和统计同质性假设 通常并不成立。论文提出了一个新的 DCF 分析模型，该模型考虑了连续信道时隙之间的关联 性，同时保留了典型分析模型的简单性。进一步，论文又提出了一个新的虚拟退避算法（VBA），该算法使用序列技术实现高效 的媒介接入控制。VBA 算法使用公平分配机制接入信道，在每个站点引入一个计数器，用于 保持站点的发送秩序。VBA 算法最大限度地减少了碰撞的概率，同时减少了分组的 MAC 时 延。最后，论文使用 NS-2 网络仿真器进行实验仿真。仿真结果表明，根据论文提出的新的 DCF 分析模型得出的网络性能指标比典型分析模型具有更高的准确度，VBA 退避算法比标准 的 IEEE 802.11 DCF 具有更好的网络性能。主题词：802.11 MAC 层协议，分布式协调功能，分析模型，性能优化ABSTRACTIn recent years, IEEE 802.11 based WLAN has been widely used for its convenience, flexibility, low cost and easiness to be extended. However, its performance is expected to be lower than the traditional wireline networks. Although it is regarded as an inherent characteristic of wireless networks, the inefficiencies of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol also contributes to the performance degradation. As such, it is of importance to make research on the improvement of the performance of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol.With the popularity of the IEEE 802.11 standards, many analysis models for the distributed coordination function (DCF) have been proposed. A careful study at backoff counter decrement rules in the specification allows us to conclude that the slot immediately following a successful transmission can be accessed only by the station that has just successfully transmitted in the previous slot time. Thus, the assumption of uncorrelation and statistical homogeneity between consecutive channel slots is not true generally. The thesis proposes a new DCF analysis model that takes into account such a correlation while being able to retain the simplicity of typical analysis model.In addition, the thesis proposes a new virtual backoff algorithm (VBA), which is based on the sequencing technique for efficient medium