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ipv6无线传感网网络层协议分析-network layer protocol analysis of ipv6 wireless sensor network
摘要无线传感网广泛运用于嵌入式领域,是由大量的低功耗、低成本节点构成的多跳自组织网络。IPv6是下一代互联网,研究基于IPv6的无线传感网络是无线传感网发展的趋势。6LoWPAN底层是IEEE802.15.4标准,为了能在无线传感网上传递IP包,在网络层和链路层中间添加了适配层。本文的主要工作是研究网络层协议,重点研究自动地址配置协议和路由协议。首先,简要分析了几种现有移动自组织网络中IP地址配置协议,由于现有的协议存在一定的不足,本文研究了基于分簇存在代理节点顺序地址配置协议,介绍了该地址配置协议的思路、数据类型、协议工作过程。并用OPnetmedeler平台仿真,和比较典型的MANETcof协议在协议开销和协议延时进行性能对比,结果表明优于MANETcof协议。其次,简要介绍传统网络的路由协议,接着分析IETFRoLL工作组研究的RPL协议,包括RPL协议的工作过程、环路避免机制、修复机制、定时机制。并对RPL协议进行了仿真分析,其存在一些不足。再次,根据本文研究的地址配置协议,研究了基于分簇按需路由协议,介绍了该协议原理、协议数据类型、路由表格式、路由构建过程,最后对该路由协议在数据传输延时、网络生存时间、数据投递率性能上和AODV协议进行了仿真对比分析,结果表明优于AODV协议。关键词:6LoWPAN,网络层协议,自动地址配置,路由协议,RPL协议;AbstractWirelessSensorNetworks(WSNs)arewidelyusedinembeddedapplications,whicharemulti-hopself-organizingnetworkcomposedofalargenumberofresource-constrainednodes.6LoWPANwhichintroducesanadaptationlayerbetweenthelinkandnetworklayerofIPstackenablethetransmissionofIPv6packetsoverIEEE802.15.4networks.Inthisthesis,mainlystudythenetworklayerprotocol,speciallyfocusingontheaddressconfigurationandroutingprotocols.Firstly,thisthesisanalyzesseveralexistingIPaddressconfigurationprotocolinmobileself-organizingnetworkbriefly.Duetotheirflaws,thisthesisstudyanewprotocolcalledAgent-NodeExistedAddressConfigurationInTurnBasedonClustering.Followedbydescribingtheprinciple,datatypeandworkingprocessofthisprotocolindetail.OPnetmedeleranalysisresultsshowthisprotocolhavebetterperformanceinoverheadanddelaythanMANETcof.Secondly,thisthesisintroducesroutingprotocolintraditionalnetworkbrieflyandthenanalyzesRPLproposedbyROLLWorkingGroupinIETF,includingworkingprocess,loopavoidingmechanism,repairmechanism,timingmechanism.ThisthesisalsoanalyzesitsperformancebysimulationandtheresultsshowthatRPLexistsomeflaws.Thirdly,thisthesisdoessomeresearchesinroutingprotocolcalledBasedonClusteringOn-demandroutingprotocolaccordingtotheaddressconfigurationprotocolresearchedchapterthree.Followedbydescribingtheprinciple,datatype,routingtableandroutingconstructionprocessofthisprotocol.OPnetmodeleranalyzesitsperformance,andthencompareswithAODV.T
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