《动词不定式(总相关复习)》.ppt

;一、不定式结构作主语;注③：不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景中看出，也可以由“ for + 名词词组” 来表示，如： It is not hard for one to do a bit of good. It was difficult for me to do the work. 注④：某些形容词在上述结构中作表语时，常在不定式之前加上 “of + 名词词组” 来说明不定式所指的是谁的情况，如： It’s kind of you to think so much of us. It’s very nice of you to be so considerate. It’s unwise of them to turn down the proposal. It was careless of her to make such a mistake. ;二、不定式结构作表语;三、不定式结构作动词宾语;3．某些能带不定式结构作状语的形容词，转化成名词时，也能带不定式结构作定语，如： He was obviously anxious to go. → His anxiety to go was obvious. 4．不定式结构与所修饰的名词，有时意义上有着主谓关系或动宾关系，如： He has a large family to support (= that he must support). 注：处于动宾关系的情况下，如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面应加上必要的介词，如： She has a lot of things to attend to. The nurse has five children to look after. Let’s first find a room to put the things in. 5．有时为了明确不定式结构的逻辑关系，可以在不定式之前加上for + 名词词组，如： Here’s a book for you to read. He gave orders for the visitors to be shown in. ;五、不定式结构作状语;注②：为了强调表示目的的不定式结构，特别是在不定式结构前有否定词 not 时，通常可以在不定式符号 to 之前加上 in order 或 so as，如： He came here in order to see Charlie. He shouted and waved so as to be noticed. He went early in order not to miss the train. I turned the radio down so as not to disturb him. 注③：表示目的的不定式可以置于句首，这也是区别于其他功能的标志之一。但是，置于句首表示目的的不定式之前可以加上in order，但却不可以加上so as ，如： To draw maps properly, you need a special pen. (In order to draw maps properly, you need a special pen.) To get the best results, use clean water. ;2. 表示结果： What have I said to make you so angry? He came round to find himself in hospital. 不定式结构表示结果更常见于下列句型： ①??? so …as to … Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle / tell me the time? ②??? such (…) as to … I’m not such a fool as to believe that. ③??? enough to … The boy is old enough to go to school. ④??? too … to … His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters. 注意：下列句子中的不表示结果，也无否定含义： I’m only too glad to go. (= I’m very glad to go.) I shall be only too pleased to get home. (= I shall be very